Stipeae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Stipeae
Genera: Achnatherum – Aciachne – Amelichloa – Anatherostipa – Aristella – Anemanthele – Austrostipa – Barkworthia – Celtica – Eriocoma – Hesperostipa – Jarava – Lorenzochloa – Macrochloa – Nassella – Neotrinia – Oloptum – Ortachne – Orthoraphium – Oryzopsis – Pappostipa – Patis – Piptatheropsis – Piptatherum – Piptochaetium – Psammochloa – Pseudoeriocoma – Ptilagrostiella – Ptilagrostis – Stipa – Stipellula – Thorneochloa – Timouria – Trikeraia

Nothogenera: × Achnella – × Eriosella
Name

Stipeae Martinov Tekhno-Bot. Slovar. 601. (1820)

Typus: Stipa L. Sp. Pl. 1: 78. (1753)

Note: Sensu Soreng et al. (2017 & 2000) & Peterson et al. (2019). Some agrostologists still prefer a broad concept of the genus Stipa L., however, recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that ca. 34 genera should be recognised within the tribe. This circumscription reflects that later view.
References

Martinov, I.I. 1820. Tekhno-Botanicheskīĭ Slovar': na latinskom i rossīĭskom iazykakh. Sanktpeterburgie 601.
Romaschenko, K., Peterson, P.M., Soreng, R.J., Nuria Garcia-Jacas, N., Futorna, O. & Alfonso, S. 2012. Systematics and evolution of the needle grasses (Poaceae: Pooideae: Stipeae) based on analysis of multiple chloroplast loci, ITS, and lemma micromorphology. Taxon 61: 1, 18–44.
Hamasha, H.R., von Hagen, K.B. & Röser, M. 2012. Stipa (Poaceae) and allies in the Old World: molecular phylogenetics realigns genus circumscription and gives evidence on the origin of American and Australian lineages. Plant Systematics and Evolution 298(2): 351–367. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-011-0549-5 Reference page.
Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Soreng, R.J. & Reyna, J.V. 2019. A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum, and five new genera: Barkworthia, × Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella, and Thorneochloa. PhytoKeys 126: 89–125. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096 Open access Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Davidse, G., Peterson, P.M., Zuloaga, F.O., Judziewicz, E.J., Filgueiras, T.S., Morrone, O. & Komaschenko, K. [2000 onwards.] World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae). Catalogue of New World Grasses, Tropicos Project 10. Website. Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Zuloaga, F.O., Judziewicz, E.J., Filgueiras, T.S., Davis, J.I. & Morrone, O. 2015. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 53(2): 117–137. DOI: 10.1111/jse.12150 Paywall PDF. Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. & Zuloaga, F.O. 2017. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 55(4): 259–290. DOI: 10.1111/jse.12262 Open access ResearchGate Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2013. Stipeae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Oct. 3.
International Plant Names Index. 2013. Stipeae. Published online. Accessed: 3 Oct. 2013.

The Stipeae are a tribe of grasses within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species.[2]

Description

The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered spikelets lacking a rachilla extension, and the lemmas (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal awn (long bristle).[3]
Genera

The tribe includes 28 genera:[1]

Achnatherum (syn. Aristella)
Aciachne
Amelichloa
Anatherostipa (syn. Nicoraella)
Anemanthele
Austrostipa
Celtica
Eriocoma
Hesperostipa
Jarava
Lorenzochloa
Macrochloa
Nassella
Oloptum
Ortachne
Orthoraphium
Oryzopsis
Pappostipa
Patis
Piptatheropsis
Piptatherum
Piptochaetium
Psammochloa
Ptilagrostis
Stipa
Stipellula (syn. Stipella)
Timouria
Trikerala

Many species initially placed into Stipa have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera,[4][5][6] but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the C3 photosynthetic pathway and live in temperate areas worldwide.[7]

Known fossils date from the late Miocene.[8]
References

Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. ISSN 1674-4918. open access
Barkworth ME, Arriaga MO, Smith JF, Jacobs SWL, Valdes-Reyna J, Bushman BS (2008) Molecules and Morphology in South American Stipeae (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 33(4), 719-731.
Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Aagesen L, Zuloaga FO, Morrone O (2007) A phylogeny of Piptochaetium (Poaceae : Pooideae : Stipeae) and related genera based on a combined analysis including trnL-F, rp116, and morphology. Systematic Botany 32(3), 545-559.
Barber, Janet C.; Hames, Kasey A.; Cialdella, Ana Maria; Giussani, Liliana M.; Morrone, Osvaldo (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships of Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae: Stipeae) and related genera reconstructed from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets". Taxon. 58 (2): 375–380. doi:10.1002/tax.582005. ISSN 0040-0262. pdf
Jacobs SWL, Bayer R, Everett J, Arriaga MO, Barkworth ME, Sabin-Badereau A, Torres MA, Vazquez FM, Bagnall N (2007) Systematics of the tribe Stipeae (Gramineae) using molecular data. Aliso 23, 349-361.
Jacobs SWL, Everett J, Barkworth ME, Hsiao C (2000) Relationships within the Stipoid grasses (Gramineae). In 'Grass Systematics and Evolution.' (Eds SWL Jacobs and J Everett) pp. 75-82. (CSIRO: Melbourne)
Romaschenko K, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Garcia-Jacas N, Futorna O, Susanna A (2008). "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the American Stipeae (Poaceae) resolves Jarava sensu lato polyphyletic: evidence for a new genus, Pappostipa". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 2 (1): 165–192. JSTOR 41971613. pdf
Thomasson, Joseph R. (2005). "Berriochloa Gabeli and Berrichloa Huletti (Graminae: Stipeae), two new grass species from the late miocene Ash Hollow Formation of Nebraska and Kansas". Journal of Paleontology. 79 (1): 185–199. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0185:BGABHG>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360. pdf