Senecioneae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Senecioneae
Subtribus: Abrotanellinae – Othonninae – Senecioninae – Tussilagininae – Unplaced Senecioneae
Overview of genera

Abrotanella – Acrisione – Adenostyles – Aequatorium – Angeldiazia – Antillanthus – Arbelaezaster – Arnoglossum – Arrhenechthites – Austrosynotis – Baculellum – Bafutia – Barkleyanthus – Bedfordia – Bertilia – Bethencourtia – Blennosperma – Bolandia – Brachyglottis – Brachionostylum – Cabreriella – Cacaliopsis – Capelio – Caputia – Caucasalia – Caxamarca – Centropappus – Charadranaetes – Chersodoma – Cineraria – Cissampelopsis – Crassocephalum – Crassothonna – Cremanthodium – Crocidium – Curio – Dauresia – Delairea – Dendrocacalia – Dendrophorbium – Dendrosenecio – Dicercoclados – Digitacalia – Dolichoglottis – Dolichorrhiza – Dorobaea – Doronicum – Dresslerothamnus – Ekmaniopappus – Elekmania – Emilia – Emiliella – Endocellion – Erechtites – Eriotrix – Euryops – Farfugium – Faujasia – Faujasiopsis – Garcibarrigoa – Graphistylis – Gymnodiscus – Gynoxys – Gynura – Haastia – Hainanecio – Herodotia – Herreranthus – Hertia – Hoehnephytum – Homogyne – Hubertia – Humbertacalia – Ignurbia – Io – Iranecio – Ischnea – Jacobaea – Jacmaia – Japonicalia – Jessea – Kleinia – Lachanodes – Lamprocephalus – Leonis – Lepidospartum – Ligularia – Ligulariopsis – Lomanthus – Lopholaena – Lordhowea – Luina – Lundinia – Mattfeldia – Mesogramma – Mixtecalia – Mikaniopsis – Miricacalia – Misbrookea – Monticalia – Nelsonianthus – Nemosenecio – Nesampelos – Nordenstamia – Odontocline – Oldfeltia – Oligothrix – Oresbia – Othonna – Packera – Papuacalia – Paracalia – Parafaujasia – Paragynoxys – Parasenecio – Pentacalia – Pericallis – Petasites – Phaneroglossa – Pippenalia – Pittocaulon – Pladaroxylon – Pojarkovia – Psacalium – Psacaliopsis – Psednotrichia – Pseudogynoxys – Rainiera – Robinsonecio – Roldana – Rugelia – Scapisenecio – Scrobicaria – Senecio – Shafera – Sinacalia – Sinosenecio – Solanecio – Steirodiscus – Stenops – Stilpnogyne – Syneilesis – Synotis – Taimingasa – Talamancalia – Telanthophora – Tephroseris – Tetradymia – Traversia – Turanecio – Tussilago – Urostemon – Villasenoria – Werneria – Xenophyllum – Yermo – Zemisia

Name

Senecioneae Cass., J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 88: 195 (1819).

Typus: Senecio L., Sp. Pl. 2: 866 (1753).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Doroniceae Panero, Phytologia 87: 1 (2005).
Typus: Doronicum L., Sp. Pl. 2: 885 (1753).

Note: Pelser et al., (2007) suggested that the subtribe Brachyglottidineae could be set up to accommodate the Senecio medley-woodii - Brachyglottis clade and Chersodoma, but this has not yet been formally published and so can not be used here. Wikipedia is in error.
References
Primary references

Cassini, A.H.G. de 1819. Suite du sixième mémoire sur la famille de Synanthérées, contenant les caractères des tribus. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts 88: 189–204. BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Cicuzza, D., Stäheli, D.S., Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. 2018. Morphology and Anatomy Support a Reclassification of the African Succulent Taxa of Senecio s.l. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Haseltonia 23: 11-26. DOI: 10.2985/026.023.0103 Reference page.
Hamzaoğlu, E., Budak, Ü. & Aksoy, A. 2011. A new genus, Turanecio, of the Asteraceae (tribe Senecioneae). Turkish Journal of Botany 35(5): 479–508. PDF Reference page.
Nordenstam, B., Pelser, P.B., Kadereit, J.W. & Watson, L.E. 2009. Senecioneae. In Funk et al., eds. Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae. Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Pp. 503–526. ISBN 978-3-9501754-3-1. ResearchGate Reference page.
Ozerova, L.V., Schanzer, I.A. & Timonin, A.C., 2017. Curio alliance (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) revisited. Wulfenia 24: 29–52. Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
Pelser, P.B., Nordenstam, B., Kadereit, J.W. & Watson, L.E. 2007. An ITS phylogeny of Tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a new delimitation of Senecio L. Taxon 56(4): 1077–1104. DOI: 10.2307/25065905 JSTOR ResearchGate Reference page.
Pelser, P.B., Kennedy, A.H., Tepe, E.J., Shidler, J.B., Nordenstam, B., Kadereit, J.W. & Watson, L.E. 2010. Patterns and causes of incongruence between plastid and nuclear Senecioneae (Asteraceae) phylogenies. American Journal of Botany 97(5): 856–873. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.0900287 Open access Reference page.
Schmidt‐Lebuhn, A.N., Zeil‐Rolfe, I., Lepschi, B. & Gooden, B. 2020. Expansion of Lordhowea, and a new genus for scapose, alpine Australian species of Senecioneae (Asteraceae). Taxon 69(4): 756-777. DOI: 10.1002/tax.12321 Paywall Reference page.

Vernacular names
español: Senecios
한국어: 금방망이족
русский: Крестовниковые
中文: 千里光族

Senecioneae is the largest tribe of the Asteraceae, or the sunflower family, comprising about 150 genera and 3,000 species. Almost one-third of the species in this tribe are placed in the genus Senecio.[1] Its members exhibit probably the widest possible range of form to be found in the entire plant kingdom, and include annuals, minute creeping alpines, herbaceous and evergreen perennials, shrubs, climbers, succulents, trees, and semiaquatic plants.[2]

Plants in this tribe are responsible for more livestock poisonings than all other plants combined.[3] Its members usually contain liver and kidney toxic and carcinogenic unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Senecio[3] and furanoeremophilanes in Tetradymia.[4]

A number of species are well known in horticulture.[2]

Classification

Since the time of Bentham, the "premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century",[5] considerable efforts have been made to classify and understand the striking morphological diversity in the Senecioneae.[1] The traditional view of the tribe has been that of one huge genus Senecio plus many other genera which exhibit varying degrees of distinctiveness.[5] Circumscription and delimitation of the tribe have experienced expansions and contractions over the decades as genera and groups of genera have been moved in and out,[2] as was the case for Arnica, Liabum, Munnozia, Schistocarpha, etc. which have since then been excluded.[5] Of the several potential causes for this constant redefinition the greatest is probably that little is known about its intergeneric relationships or a lack of phylogenetic understanding enhanced by the other problems of conflicting clues from morphological characters, the large size of the tribe, the absence of a precise delimitation or circumscription of Senecio[1] and the naturalness of these assemblages combined with the imprecise boundaries of the different species themselves.[5]

Many segregate genera have been recognized in recent studies, often with circumscriptions derived from selected representative species. Whether the recognition of numerous segregate genera provides a better taxonomy than treating the variation patterns as infrageneric taxa is yet unclear. A respectable case can be made for maintaining Senecio as a broad concept, at least until revisionary studies at the species level are carried out and the results subjected to critical analyses.[5] Most genera that have been removed from the Senecioneae in the broadest sense have come to rest within the Liabeae or within a broadly circumscribed Heliantheae (e.g., allies in the Arnicinae, Chaenactidinae, or Madiinae; Haploesthes in the Flaveriinae; and Raillardella and allies in the Madiinae). Additional information may be found in B. G. Baldwin et al. (2002), H. Robinson (1981), B. Nordenstam (1977–1978) and K. Bremer (1994).[2]
Genera

Senecioneae genera recognized by the Global Compositae Database as of March 2022:[6]

Abrotanella
Acrisione
Adenostyles
Aequatorium
Aetheolaena
Angeldiazia
Antillanthus
Arbelaezaster
Arnoglossum
Arrhenechthites
Austrosynotis
Bafutia
Barkleyanthus
Bedfordia
Bethencourtia
Blennosperma
Bolandia
Brachionostylum
Brachyglottis
Cabreriella
Cacaliopsis
Cadiscus
Capelio
Caucasalia
Caxamarca
Centropappus
Charadranaetes
Chersodoma
Cineraria
Cissampelopsis
Crassocephalum
Cremanthodium
Crocidium
Culcitium
Curio
Dauresia
Delairea
Dendrocacalia
Dendrophorbium
Dendrosenecio
Dicercoclados
Digitacalia
Dolichoglottis
Dolichorrhiza
Dorobaea
Doronicum
Dresslerothamnus
Ekmaniopappus
Elekmania
Emilia
Emiliella
Endocellion
Erechtites
Eriotrix
Euryops
Farfugium
Faujasia
Faujasiopsis
Garcibarrigoa
Graphistylis
Gymnodiscus
Gynoxys
Gynura
Haastia
Hasteola
Herodotia
Herreranthus
Hertia
Hoehnephytum
Homogyne
Hubertia
Humbertacalia
Ignurbia
Io
Iocenes
Iranecio
Ischnea
Jacmaia
Jacobaea
Jessea
Kleinia
Lachanodes
Lasiocephalus
Lamprocephalus
Leonis
Lepidospartum
Ligularia
Ligulariopsis
Lopholaena
Lordhowea
Luina
Lundinia
Mattfeldia
Mesogramma
Mesoneuris
Mikaniopsis
Miricacalia
Misbrookea
Mixtecalia
Monticalia
Nelsonianthus
Nemosenecio
Nesampelos
Nordenstamia
Odontocline
Oldfeltia
Oligothrix
Oresbia
Othonna
Packera
Papuacalia
Paracalia
Parafaujasia
Paragynoxys
Parasenecio
Pentacalia
Pericallis
Petasites
Phaneroglossa
Pippenalia
Pittocaulon
Pladaroxylon
Pojarkovia
Psacaliopsis
Psacalium
Psednotrichia
Pseudogynoxys
Pseudojacobaea
Rainiera
Robinsonecio
Robinsonia
Roldana
Rugelia
Scrobicaria
Senecio
Senecurio
Shafera
Sinacalia
Sinosenecio
Solanecio
Steirodiscus
Stenops
Stilpnogyne
Syneilesis
Synotis
Talamancalia
Telanthophora
Tephroseris
Tetradymia
Traversia
Trineuron
Tussilago
Urostemon
Villasenoria
Werneria
Xenophyllum
Yermo
Zemisia

References

Pelser, Pieter B; Nordenstam, Bertil; Kadereit, Joachim W.; Watson, Linda E. (November 2007). "An ITS phylogeny of tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a new delimitation of Senecio L.". Taxon. International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT). 56 (4): 1077–14E(–1062). doi:10.2307/25065905. JSTOR 25065905.
Flora of North America. "Senecioneae". Family List. 20: 540. Retrieved 2008-04-14.
Pieter B. Pelser, Barbara Gravendeel and Ruud van der Meijden (2002). "Tackling speciose genera: species composition and phylogenetic position of Senecio sect. Jacobaea (Asteraceae) based onplastid and nrDNA sequences". American Journal of Botany. 89 (6): 929–939. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.6.929. PMID 21665692.
"Senecioneae". Flora of North America.
Barkley, T. M. (February 1985). "Generic Boundaries in the Senecioneae". Taxon. International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT). 34 (1): 17–21. doi:10.2307/1221558. JSTOR 1221558.
"Senecioneae Cass". Global Compositae Database. Compositae Working Group (CWG). 2022. Retrieved 2022-03-29.