Rhinanthus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Orobanchaceae
Tribus: Rhinantheae
Genus: Rhinanthus
Species: (Older version with no references) R. alectorolophus – R. alpinus – R. angustifolius – R. antiquus – R. aristatus – R. asperulus – R. borbasii – R. borealis – R. burnatii – R. carinthiacus – R. crista-galli – R. dinaricus – R. freynii – R. groenlandicus – R. javorkae – R. major – R. mediterraneus – R. melampyroides – R. minor – R. osiliensis – R. ovifugus – R. pampaninii – R. pindicus – R. pubescens – R. rumelicus – R. songeonii – R. subulatus – R. wagneri – R. wettsteinii

Species: (Hassler, 2018) R. alectorolophus – R. angustifolius – R. antiquus – R. arcticus – R. aristatus – R. asperulus – R. borbasii – R. burnatii – R. carinthiacus – R. cretaceus – R. crista-galli – R. dinaricus – R. freynii – R. glaber – R. glacialis – R. gracilis – R. groenlandicus – R. halophilus – R. javorkae – R. major – R. mediterraneus – R. melampyroides – R. minor – R. ovifugus – R. pindicus – R. pubescens – R. pulcher – R. riphaeus – R. rumelicus – R. serotinus – R. sintenisii – R. songeonii – R. subulatus – R. wagneri – R. wettsteinii

Note: The circumscription of this genus needs research and revision!
Name

Rhinanthus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 603. (1753)

Type species: Rhinanthus crista-galli L., Sp. Pl. 2: 603. (1753)

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 603. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2018. Rhinanthus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Apr. 19. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2014. Rhinanthus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Feb. 12.

Vernacular names
العربية: خرخاشة
беларуская: Званец
български: Клопачка
čeština: kokrhel
dansk: Skjaller
Deutsch: Klappertöpfe, Klappertopf
dolnoserbski: Šćerkawa
English: Yellow Rattle, Hay Rattle
eesti: Robirohi
suomi: Laukut
français: Rhinanthe
hornjoserbsce: Hłuška
magyar: Kakascímer
հայերեն: Աքլորաբբուկ
ქართული: ხრიალა
қазақша: Сылдырмақ
lietuvių: Barškutis
Nederlands: Ratelaar
polski: Szelężnik
Runa Simi: Ayamaych'a
русский: Погремок, Звонец, Позвонок, Алекторолофус
slovenčina: štrkáč
svenska: Skallror
українська: Дзвінець
vepsän kel’: Helühein
中文: 鼻花属

Rhinanthus (rattle) is a genus of annual hemiparasitic herbaceous plants in the family Orobanchaceae, formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. The genus consists of about 30 to 40 species found in Europe, northern Asia, and North America, with the greatest species diversity (28 species) in Europe.

Phylogeny

The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters.[1][2] Rhinanthus is the sister genus to Lathraea, and then to Rhynchocorys. These three genera share phylogenetic affinities with members of the core Rhinantheae: Bartsia, Euphrasia, Tozzia, Hedbergia, Bellardia, and Odontites. Melampyrum appears as a more distant relative.

Genus-level cladogram of tribe Rhinantheae.

Rhinantheae               Melampyrum                     Rhynchocorys                   Lathraea       Rhinanthus         Core Rhinantheae               Bartsia sensu stricto (Bartsia alpina)                 Euphrasia                 Tozzia       Hedbergia   (including Bartsia decurva + B. longiflora)                 Bellardia                 Neobartsia (New World Bartsia)       Parentucellia           Odontites sensu lato   (including Bornmuellerantha   and Bartsiella)

 
 
The cladogram has been reconstructed from nuclear and plastid DNA molecular characters (ITS, rps16 intron and trnK region).[1][2]
Systematics
Selected species

Rhinanthus alectorolophus - European yellow rattle
Rhinanthus alpinus
Rhinanthus angustifolius - Narrow-leaved rattle
Rhinanthus antiquus
Rhinanthus aristatus
Rhinanthus asperulus
Rhinanthus borbasii
Rhinanthus borealis
Rhinanthus burnatii
Rhinanthus carinthiacus
Rhinanthus dinaricus
Rhinanthus freynii
Rhinanthus glaber
Rhinanthus glacialis
Rhinanthus groenlandicus

Rhinanthus halophilus
Rhinanthus mediterraneus
Rhinanthus melampyroides
Rhinanthus minor - Yellow rattle
Rhinanthus osiliensis - Saaremaa yellow rattle
Rhinanthus ovifugus
Rhinanthus pampaninii
Rhinanthus pindicus
Rhinanthus pubescens
Rhinanthus rumelicus
Rhinanthus serotinus
Rhinanthus songeonii
Rhinanthus subulatus
Rhinanthus wagneri
Rhinanthus wettsteinii

References

Těšitel, Jakub; Říha, Pavel; Svobodová, Šárka; Malinová, Tamara; Štech, Milan (2010-10-28). "Phylogeny, Life History Evolution and Biogeography of the Rhinanthoid Orobanchaceae". Folia Geobotanica. 45 (4): 347–367. doi:10.1007/s12224-010-9089-y. ISSN 1211-9520. S2CID 39873516.
Scheunert, Agnes; Fleischmann, Andreas; Olano-Marín, Catalina; Bräuchler, Christian; Heubl, Günther (2012-12-14). "Phylogeny of tribe Rhinantheae (Orobanchaceae) with a focus on biogeography, cytology and re-examination of generic concepts". Taxon. 61 (6): 1269–1285. doi:10.1002/tax.616008.