Rapicactus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Cactoideae
Tribus: Cacteae
Genus: Rapicactus
Subgenera: R. subg. Lodia – R. subg. Rapicactus
Species: R. beguinii – R. booleanus – R. mandragora – R. subterraneus – R. zaragosae
Source(s) of checklist:

Korotkova, N. et al. 2021. Rapicactus in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Nov. 13. Reference page.

Name

Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme, Cactaceae (Berlin) 1942, Pt. 1, 24. (1942)

Type species: Rapicactus subterraneus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Oehme (1942)

Synonyms

Homotypic
Turbinicarpus subg. Rapicactus (Buxb. & Oehme) Zachar, Gen. Turbinicarpus: 93 (10). 2004, nom. inval., syn. sec. Aquino 2021
Type: Rapicactus subterraneus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Oehme
Heterotypic
Lodia Mosco & Zanovello in Bradleya 18: 44. 2000 syn. sec. Aquino 2021
Type: Lodia mandragora (Frič ex A.Berger) Mosco & Zanov.

References

Buxbaum, F. & Oehme, H. 1942. Cactaceae (Berlin) 1942(1): 24.

Additional references

Korotkova, N., Aquino, D., Arias, S., Eggli, U., Franck, A. , Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Guerrero, P.C., Hernández, H.M., Kohlbecker, A., Köhler, M., Luther, K., Majure, L.C., Müller, A., Metzing, D., Nyffeler, R., Sánchez, D., Schlumpberger, B. & Berendsohn, W.G. 2021. Cactaceae at Caryophyllales. org–a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. Willdenowia 51(2): 251–270. DOI: 10.3372/wi.51.51208 Open access Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Rapicactus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Mar 29. Reference page.
Korotkova, N. et al. 2021. Rapicactus in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Nov. 13. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Rapicactus. Published online. Accessed: Mar 29 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Rapicactus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 29 Mar 2021.
Hassler, M. 2021. Rapicactus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Mar 29. Reference page.

Vernacular names

Rapicactus is a genus of cactus in the tribe Cacteae, subfamily Cactoideae. It has been synonymized with Turbinicarpus but molecular phylogenetic studies have supported its monophyly and separation from that genus.[1]
Taxonomy

The genus Rapicactus was proposed in 1942 by Buxbaum and Oehme.[2] It was characterized by having thick roots with a constriction above forming a neck. However, most subsequent treatments sank the genus into a broadly circumscribed genus Turbinicarpus. The circumscription of Turbinicarpus has been described as "remarkably unstable", with species regularly transferred to other genera.[1] The broad circumscription of Turbinicarpus was recognized as polyphyletic by Hunt in 2016.[3] A phylogenetic study published in 2019 showed that a monophyletic Rapicactus was sister to Acharagma, separated from a monophyletic Turbinicarpus:[1]
 

Three species of other genera       Acharagma     Rapicactus         Species of other genera         Species of other genera       Kadenicarpus       Ariocarpus     Turbinicarpus s.s.

 
 
 
Species

As of March 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted four species:[4]

Rapicactus beguinii (N.P.Taylor) Lüthy
Rapicactus mandragora (Fric ex A.Berger) Buxb. & Oehme
Rapicactus subterraneus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Oehme
Rapicactus zaragosae (Glass & R.A.Foster) D.Donati

References

Vázquez-sánchez, Monserrat; Sánchez, Daniel; Terrazas, Teresa; De La Rosa-Tilapa, Alejandro & Arias, Salvador (2019), "Polyphyly of the iconic cactus genus Turbinicarpus (Cactaceae) and its generic circumscription", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 190 (4): 405–420, doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boz027
"Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme", International Plant Names Index (IPNI), Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2022-03-05, retrieved 2022-03-05
Hunt, D.R. (2016), CITES Cactaceae checklist (3rd ed.), Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens and D. Hunt, ISBN 978-0-9933113-2-1
"Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-03-07