Pteronia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Astereae
Subtribus: Pteroniinae
Genus: Pteronia
Species: P. acuminata – P. acuta – P. adenocarpa – P. ambrariifolia – P. anisata – P. aspalatha – P. beckeoides – P. bolusii – P. callosa – P. camphorata – P. centauroides – P. ciliata – P. cinerea – P. cylindracea – P. diosmifolia – P. divaricata – P. eenii – P. elata – P. elongata – P. empetrifolia – P. erythrochaeta – P. fasciculata – P. fastigiata – P. flexicaulis – P. foleyi – P. glabrata – P. glauca – P. glaucescens – P. glomerata – P. gymnocline – P. heterocarpa – P. hirsuta – P. hutchinsoniana – P. incana – P. inflexa – P. intermedia – P. leptospermoides – P. leucoclada – P. leucoloma – P. lucilioides – P. membranacea – P. mooreiana – P. mucronata – P. oblanceolata – P. onobromoides – P. oppositifolia – P. ovalifolia – P. pallens – P. paniculata – P. pillansii – P. polygalifolia – P. pomonae – P. punctata – P. quinqueflora – P. rangei – P. scabra – P. scariosa – P. smutsii – P. sordida – P. spinulosa – P. stoehelinoides – P. stricta – P. succulenta – P. tenuifolia – P. teretifolia – P. tricephala – P. uncinata – P. undulata – P. unguiculata – P. utilis – P. villosa – P. viscosa

Name

Pteronia L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1176. 1763
Synonyms

Scepinia Neck. ex Cass.
Pterophora L.
Pteronia sect. Pachyderis (Cass.) DC.
Pachyderis Cass.
Pterophorus Boehm.

Homonyms

Pteronia F.Schmitz, 1897, nom. illeg. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)

References

Linnaeus, C. 1763. Species Plantarum, ed. 2, Tomus II: 1176. Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2017. Pteronia. Published online. Accessed: Dec. 15 2017.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Pteronia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Dec. 15. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2017. Pteronia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 Dec. 2017.
Hassler, M. 2017. Pteronia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2017 Dec 15. Reference page.

Pteronia ("resin daisies") is a genus of evergreen, woody perennial plants assigned to the family Asteraceae with currently 76 described species. Like in almost all Asteraceae, the individual flowers are 5-merous, small and clustered in typical heads, surrounded by an involucre of bracts. In Pteronia, the centre of the head is taken by relatively few, yellow, disc florets, while a ring of ligulate florets is absent. These florets sit on a common base (or receptacle).[1][2][3][4]

Taxonomy

A species of Gombos was first described and assigned to the new genus Pteronia by the famous Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the second edition of his groundbreaking Species Plantarum, the starting point of modern botanical nomenclature, that was published in 1763. He had not seen living plants or dried herbarium specimens, but based his description on an etching made by the English botanist Leonard Plukenet in 1700. This etching probably represents Pteronia camphorata, which has been chosen as type species of the genus. In 1917, John Hutchinson and Edwin Percy Phillips revised the genus and recognised 61 species.[1]
Description

Gombos species are all evergreen, woody perennial plants of 0.3–1.5 m (1 ft 0 in – 4 ft 11 in) high that often contain aromatic substances. It mostly has hairless or variably hairy or glandular, wand-like (or virgate) branches, but sometimes the branches have wider angles (or divaricate). The leaves are mostly arranged in a cross, in some in a spiral or alternate, and rarely opposite and may also be hairless, variously hairy and glandular, or have a row of hairs around the margin.[1]
Ecology

Gombos species can mostly be found in dry habitats.[1]
Distribution

The species of Pteronia can be found in Botswana, Eswatini, Mozambique, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. About 50 species occur in the Cape Floristic Region, particularly in the Succulent Karoo and to a lesser extend in the Nama Karoo biomes. In Namibia 24 species are found.[1]
Species list

It contains the following species:

Pteronia acuminata
Pteronia acuta
Pteronia adenocarpa
Pteronia ambrariifolia
Pteronia anisata
Pteronia aspalatha
Pteronia beckeoides
Pteronia bolusii
Pteronia callosa
Pteronia camphorata
Pteronia centauroides
Pteronia ciliata
Pteronia cinerea
Pteronia cylindracea
Pteronia diosmifolia
Pteronia divaricata
Pteronia eenii
Pteronia elata
Pteronia elongata
Pteronia empetrifolia
Pteronia erythrochaeta
Pteronia fasciculata, Paraffienbos
Pteronia fastigiata
Pteronia flexicaulis
Pteronia foleyi
Pteronia glabrata
Pteronia glauca, Geelboegoekaroo
Pteronia glaucescens
Pteronia glomerata
Pteronia gymnocline
Pteronia heterocarpa
Pteronia hirsuta
Pteronia hutchinsoniana
Pteronia incana, Asbos
Pteronia inflexa
Pteronia intermedia
Pteronia leptospermoides
Pteronia leucoclada
Pteronia leucoloma
Pteronia lucilioides
Pteronia membranacea
Pteronia mooreiana
Pteronia mucronata
Pteronia oblanceolata
Pteronia onobromoides, Boegoebos
Pteronia oppositifolia
Pteronia ovalifolia
Pteronia pallens, Scholtzbos
Pteronia paniculata, Gombos
Pteronia pillansii
Pteronia polygalifolia
Pteronia pomonae
Pteronia punctata
Pteronia quinqueflora
Pteronia rangei
Pteronia scabra
Pteronia scariosa
Pteronia smutsii
Pteronia sordida
Pteronia spinulosa
Pteronia stoehelinoides
Pteronia stricta
Pteronia succulenta
Pteronia tenuifolia
Pteronia teretifolia
Pteronia tricephala
Pteronia uncinata
Pteronia undulata
Pteronia unguiculata
Pteronia utilis
Pteronia villosa
Pteronia viscosa

References

Bello, Anifat Olayemi (2018). A Systematic Study of Pteronia L. (Asteraceae) (PhD thesis). University of Johannesburg.
Bello, A. O.; Magee, A. R.; Boatwright, J. S.; Tilney, P. M.; Van Der Bank, M. (2015). "Search - Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)". South African Journal of Botany. 98: 171. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2015.03.017.
Pteronia incana
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320034376_A_taxonomic_revision_of_the_Pteronia_camphorata_group_Astereae_Asteraceae