Plagiobothrys

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Boraginales

Familia: Boraginaceae
Subfamilia: Cynoglossoideae
Tribus: Cynoglosseae
Subtribus: Amsinckiinae
Genus: Plagiobothrys
Species: P. acanthocarpus – P. arizonicus – P. armeriifolius – P. austinae – P. australasicus – P. bracteatus – P. calandrinioides – P. canescens – P. chorisianus – P. collinus – P. congestus – P. corymbosus – P. distantiflorus – P. figuratus – P. fulvus – P. germainii – P. glaber – P. glomeratus – P. glyptocarpus – P. gracilis – P. greenei – P. hirtus – P. hispidus – P. humilis – P. humistratus – P. hystriculus – P. infectivus – P. lamprocarpus – P. leptocladus – P. linifolius – P. lithocaryus – P. macbridei – P. mexicanus – P. mollis – P. myosotoides – P. nothofulvus – P. oppositifolius – P. orientalis – P. orthostatus – P. parishii – P. plebeius – P. plurisepalus – P. polycaulis – P. pratensis – P. pringlei – P. procumbens – P. pulchellus – P. reticulatus – P. salsus – P. scouleri – P. scriptus – P. shastensis – P. stipitatus – P. strictus – P. tenellus – P. tener – P. tenuifolius – P. torreyi – P. trachycarpus – P. uliginosus – P. uncinatus – P. undulatus – P. verrucosus

Name

Plagiobothrys Fisch. & C.A.Mey., Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 2: 46 (1836).

Type species: Plagiobothrys rufescens Fisch. & C.A. Mey. vide Plagiobothrys fulvus (Hook. & Arn.) I.M.Johnst. {Govaerts et al., 2022)

Synonyms

Allocarya Greene
Allocaryastrum Brand
Echidiocarya A.Gray ex Benth. & Hook.f.
Echinoglochin (A.Gray) Brand
Glyptocaryopsis Brand
Maccoya F.Muell.
Sonnea Greene

Note: See Guilliams, Hasenstab-Lehman & Baldwin (2020) for a recent phylogenetic monophyletic circumscription.
Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America, Northern America, Australasia and Asia-Temperate
Alaska, Aleutian Is., Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Bolivia, British Columbia, California, Chile Central, Chile South, Colombia, Colorado, Ecuador, Idaho, Kamchatka, Kuril Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Northwest, Nevada, New Mexico, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Oregon, Peru, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Washington, Western Australia
Introduced into:
Austria, Finland, Great Britain, Illinois, Mexican Pacific Is., New York, Norway, Switzerland

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Fischer, F.E.L. & Meyer, C.A.v. 1836 '1835'. Index Seminum (St.Petersburg (Petropolitanus)) 2. Hortus, St. Petersburg. BHL Reference page. : 2: 46

Additional references

Guilliams, C.M., Hasenstab-Lehman, K.E. & Baldwin, B.G. 2020. Nomenclatural Changes in Western North American Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae). Novon 28(1): 51–59. DOI: 10.3417/2019469 Paywall PDF Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Plagiobothrys in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Sep 28. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Plagiobothrys. Published online. Accessed: Sep 28 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Plagiobothrys. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 28 Sep 2020.
Catalogue of Life: 2021 Annual Checklist

Vernacular names
English: Popcorn Flowers
svenska: Tiggarstavar

Plagiobothrys is a genus of flowering plants known commonly as popcorn flowers. These are small herbaceous plants which bear tiny white or yellow flowers. Their fruits are nutlets. Although these plants are found predominantly in North America and South America, five species are known from Australia. Of the approximately 65 species described, more than 15 are endemic to California.

Description

The inflorescence is coiled in bud, but generally elongates in fruit. The pedicels are generally 0–1 mm, and the flower is bisexual with the sepals fused below the middle.[3]
Etymology

The genus name, Plagiobothrys, is derived from Greek to mean "sideways pit" and describes the position of nutlet attachment scar.[3]
Selected species

Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus - adobe popcornflower
Plagiobothrys arizonicus - Arizona popcornflower
Plagiobothrys austiniae - Austin's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys bracteatus - bracted popcornflower
Plagiobothrys canescens - valley popcornflower
Plagiobothrys chorisianus - artist's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys collinus - Cooper's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys diffusus - San Francisco popcornflower
Plagiobothrys distantiflorus - California popcornflower
Plagiobothrys figuratus - fragrant popcornflower
Plagiobothrys fulvus - fulvous popcornflower
Plagiobothrys glyptocarpus - sculptured popcornflower
Plagiobothrys greenei - Greene's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys hirtus - rough popcornflower
Plagiobothrys hispidus - Cascade popcornflower
Plagiobothrys humistratus - dwarf popcornflower
Plagiobothrys infectivus - dye popcornflower
Plagiobothrys jonesii - Mojave popcornflower
Plagiobothrys kingii - Great Basin popcornflower
Plagiobothrys leptocladus - finebranched popcornflower
Plagiobothrys mollis - soft popcornflower
Plagiobothrys nothofulvus - rusty popcornflower
Plagiobothrys parishii - Parish's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys plurisepaleus
Plagiobothrys scouleri - Scouler's popcornflower
Plagiobothrys shastensis - Shasta popcornflower
Plagiobothrys stipitatus - stalked popcornflower
Plagiobothrys strictus - Calistoga popcornflower
Plagiobothrys tenellus - Pacific popcornflower
Plagiobothrys uncinatus - Salinas Valley popcornflower

References

"Plagiobothrys". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
Fischer, F.E.L. von & Meyer, C.A.A. von (1836). Fischer, F.E.L. von & Meyer, C.A.A. von (ed.). "Plagiobothrys". Index Seminum, Quae Hortus Botanicus Imperialis Petropolitanus Pro Mutua Commutatione Offert. 2: 21.
"UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for PLAGIOBOTHRYS". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2020-06-19.