Perideridia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Apiales

Familia: Apiaceae
Subfamilia: Apioideae
Tribus: Oenantheae
Genus: Perideridia
Species: P. americana – P. bacigalupii – P. bolanderi – P. californica – P. erythrorhiza – P. gairdneri – P. howellii – P. kelloggii – P. lemmonii – P. leptocarpa – P. montana – P. oregana – P. parishii – P. pringlei – P. rusbyi

Name

Perideridia Rchb., Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst. 219. (1837) nom. cons.
Type species: Perideridia americana (Nutt.) Rchb. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) (1841) ex. syn. Eulophus americanus Nutt. Coll. Mém. 5: 69, pl. 2. (1829)

Synonyms

Homotypic
Eulophus Nutt. ex DC. Coll. Mém. 69. (1829)
Heterotypic
Atenia Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey Voy. 349. 1841[1839]

References

Reichenbach, H.G.L. 1837. Handbuch des natürlichen Pflanzensystems nach allen seinen Classen, Ordnungen und Familien. Dresden: Arnold. BHL Reference page. : 219.
Downie, S.R., Sun, F-J., Katz-Downie, D,S. & Colletti, G.J. (2004) A Phylogenetic Study of Perideridia (Apiaceae) Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Sequences, Systematic Botany, 29(3): 737–751. Available on line [1]. Accessed 2014 Apr. 18.
The Plant List 2013. Perideridia in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Apr. 19.
Tropicos.org 2014. Perideridia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Apr. 19.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Perideridia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Perideridia is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae. Plants in this genus are known generally as yampah or yampa. They are native to western North America. Similar in appearance to other plants of the family Apiaceae, they have umbels of white flowers.

Description

The plants have a unique appearance for members of the parsley family, and are tall (1–3 feet) and grasslike, with threadlike leaves 1–6 inches long that resemble blades of grass. The plants effectively mimic tall grass and are virtually invisible until they flower, since they tend to grow in grassy meadows, and prefer full sunlight. Like most members of the parsley family, yampah produces umbels of white flowers. The small roots of yampah are about the size of a large unshelled peanut.
Distribution and habitat

The plants are widely distributed in moist open meadows and hillsides up to 7,500 feet (2,300 m) across Western North America and Northern Mexico.[1]
Uses

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Perideridia gairdneri was an important staple crop of Native Americans in Western North America. The nutlike roots of the plant are crunchy and mildly sweet, and resemble water chestnuts in texture and flavor.

Yampah roots were either baked or steamed, and were reported to have excellent flavor and nutritional qualities. The seeds of yampah were used as a seasoning and resemble caraway seeds in flavor. Yampah roots contain rapidly assimilatable carbohydrates, and were used by hunters and runners as a high energy food to enhance physical endurance.

Uncooked yampah roots are a gentle laxative if consumed in excess and were used medicinally for this purpose.[1]

It resembles the highly toxic poison hemlock and water hemlock.
Species

Image	Name	Common name	Distribution	Cytology[2]
	Perideridia americana	eastern yampah	Midwestern United States	n=20
	Perideridia bacigalupii	Mother Lode yampah, Bacigalupi's yampah	Sierra Nevada foothills, California
	Perideridia bolanderi	Bolander's yampah]	western United States	n=19
	Perideridia californica	California yampah	Central Coast Ranges and a section of the Sierra Nevada foothills, California	n=22
	Perideridia erythrorhiza	redroot yampah, western yampah	Oregon in the United States
	Perideridia gairdneri	Gardner's yampah, common yampah, Indian caraway	western North America from southwestern Canada to California to New Mexico	n=40,60
	Perideridia howellii	Howell's yampah	Oregon and northern California	n=20
	Perideridia kelloggii	Kellogg's yampah	San Francisco Bay Area, and the Sierra Nevada foothills, California	n=20
	Perideridia lemmonii	Lemmon's yampah	from southeastern Oregon, western Nevada, and the mountains of eastern California
	Perideridia leptocarpa	narrowseed yampah	California, Oregon	n=17
	Perideridia montana	Gairdner's Yampah	Montana
	Perideridia oregana	Oregon yampah, squaw potato	Oregon and California in the western United States	n=8, 9, 10
	Perideridia parishii	Parish's yampah, Sierra Queen Anne's lace	southwestern United States	n=19
	Perideridia pringlei	adobe yampah	California	n=20

References

Gregory L. Tilford (1997). Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West. Mountain Press Publishing. ISBN 978-0-87842-359-0.
STEPHEN R. DOWNIE; FENG-JIE SUN; DEBORAH S. KATZ-DOWNIE & GINA J.COLLETT (2004). "A Phylogenetic Study of Perideridia (Apiaceae) Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Sequences" (PDF). Systematic Botany. doi:10.1600/0363644041744437. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-22.