Pedicularis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Orobanchaceae
Tribus: Pedicularideae
Genus: Pedicularis
Overview of species (664)
Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z
a

P. abrotanifolia – P. acaulis – P. achilleifolia – P. acmodonta – P. adunca – P. afghanica – P. alaica – P. alaschanica – P. alatavica – P. albertii – P. albiflora – P. allorrhampha – P. aloensis – P. alopecuroides – P. alopecuros – P. altaica – P. altifrontalis – P. amoena – P. amoeniflora – P. amplicollis – P. amplituba – P. anas – P. angularis – P. angustifolia – P. angustilabris – P. angustiloba – P. annapurnensis – P. anomala – P. anserantha – P. anthemifolia – P. apodochila – P. aquilina – P. arctoeuropaea – P. armata – P. armena – P. artselaeri – P. ascendens – P. aschistorrhyncha – P. asplenifolia – P. atra – P. atropurpurea – P. atroviridis – P. attollens – P. atuntsiensis – P. aurantiaca – P. aurata – P. axillaris
b

P. balkharica – P. bambusetorum – P. batangensis – P. baumgartenii – P. bella – P. bhutanomuscoides – P. bicolor – P. bicornuta – P. bidentata – P. bietii – P. bifida – P. binaria – P. bipinnatifida – P. birmanica – P. bomiensis – P. brachychila – P. brachycrania – P. brachyodonta – P. brachystachys – P. bracteosa – P. breviflora – P. brevifolia – P. brevilabris – P. brevirostris – P. breviscaposa
c

P. cabulica – P. cacuminidenta – P. cadmea – P. canadensis – P. canescens – P. capitata – P. caucasica – P. cenisia – P. centranthera – P. cephalantha – P. cephalanthoides – P. cernua – P. chamissonis – P. chamissonoides – P. cheilanthifolia – P. chengxianensis – P. chenocephala – P. chihuahuensis – P. chinensis – P. chingii – P. cholashanensis – P. chorgossica – P. chroorrhyncha – P. chumbica – P. cinerascens – P. clarkei – P. collata – P. columigera – P. comosa – P. compacta – P. comptoniifolia – P. condensata – P. confertiflora – P. confluens – P. conifera – P. connata – P. contorta – P. cooperi – P. cornigera – P. corydaloides – P. corymbifera – P. cranolopha – P. craspedotricha – P. crassirostris – P. crenata – P. crenularis – P. crenulata – P. cristatella – P. croizatiana – P. cryptantha – P. curvipes – P. curvituba – P. cyathophylla – P. cyathophylloides – P. cyclorhyncha – P. cymbalaria – P. cyrtorrhyncha – P. cystopteridifolia – P. czuiliensis
d

P. daghestanica – P. daltonii – P. daochengensis – P. dasyantha – P. dasystachys – P. daucifolia – P. davidii – P. debilis – P. decora – P. decorissima – P. deltoidea – P. densiflora – P. densispica – P. denudata – P. deqinensis – P. dhurensis – P. dichotoma – P. dichrocephala – P. dielsiana – P. diffusa – P. dissecta – P. dissectifolia – P. dolichantha – P. dolichocymba – P. dolichoglossa – P. dolichorhiza – P. dolichostachya – P. domzeyensis – P. dubia – P. duclouxii – P. dudleyi – P. dulongensis – P. dunniana
e

P. eburnata – P. elata – P. elegans – P. elephantiflora – P. elephantoides – P. elisabethae – P. elliotii – P. elongata – P. elsholtzioides – P. elwesii – P. eriantha – P. eriophora – P. ernesti-mayeri – P. evrardii – P. exaltata – P. excelsa – P. exigua
f

P. fargesii – P. fastigiata – P. fengii – P. ferdinandi – P. fetisowii – P. filicifolia – P. filicula – P. filiculiformis – P. fissa – P. flaccida – P. flagellaris – P. flammea – P. flava – P. fletcheri – P. flexosoides – P. flexuosa – P. floribunda – P. foliosa – P. forrestiana – P. fragarioides – P. fragilis – P. franchetiana – P. friderici-augusti – P. furbishiae – P. furfuracea
g

P. gagnepainiana – P. galeata – P. gammieana – P. ganpinensis – P. garckeana – P. geniculata – P. geosiphon – P. gibbera – P. giraldiana – P. glabra – P. glabrescens – P. globifera – P. gloriosa – P. gongshanensis – P. gordonii – P. gracilicaulis – P. gracilis – P. gracilituba – P. graeca – P. grandiflora – P. grigorjevii – P. griniformis – P. groenlandica – P. gruiflora – P. gruina – P. gyirongensis – P. gymnostachya – P. gypsicola – P. gyroflexa – P. gyrorhyncha
h

P. habachanensis – P. hacquetii – P. hemsleyana – P. henryi – P. heteroglossa – P. heydei – P. hicksii – P. hintonii – P. hirsuta – P. hirtella – P. hoermanniana – P. hoffmeisteri – P. holocalyx – P. honanensis – P. hookeriana – P. howellii – P. humilis – P. hyperborea – P. hypophylla
i

P. ikomai – P. imbricata – P. inaequilobata – P. incarnata – P. incisopetala – P. inconspicua – P. incurva – P. infirma – P. inflexirostris – P. ingens – P. insignis – P. instar – P. integrifolia – P. interrupta – P. ishidoyana – P. iwatensis
j

P. jainii – P. julica
k

P. kaghanensis – P. kangtingensis – P. kansuensis – P. karakorumiana – P. karatavica – P. kariensis – P. kaufmannii – P. kawaguchii – P. keiskei – P. kerneri – P. khasiana – P. kialensis – P. kiangsiensis – P. kingii – P. klotzschii – P. koidzumiana – P. kokpakensis – P. kolymensis – P. kongboensis – P. korolkowii – P. koshiensis – P. koueytchensis – P. krylowii – P. kuljabensis – P. kungeica – P. kuruchuensis – P. kusnetzovii
l

P. labordei – P. labradorica – P. lachnoglossa – P. laktangensis – P. lamioides – P. lamjungensis – P. lanata – P. lanceifolia – P. lanceolata – P. langsdorffii – P. lanpingensis – P. lapponica – P. lasiophrys – P. lasiostachys – P. latibracteata – P. latirostris – P. latituba – P. laxiflora – P. laxispica – P. lecomtei – P. legendrei – P. leptosiphon – P. leucodon – P. lhasana – P. liguliflora – P. likiangensis – P. limithangensis – P. limprichtiana – P. lineata – P. lingelsheimiana – P. lobatorostrata – P. longicalyx – P. longicaulis – P. longiflora – P. longipedicellata – P. longipes – P. longipetiolata – P. longistipitata – P. lophotricha – P. ludlowiana – P. ludwigii – P. lunglingensis – P. lutescens – P. lyrata
m

P. macilenta – P. macrodonta – P. macrorhyncha – P. macrosiphon – P. mairei – P. mandshurica – P. mariae – P. masalskyi – P. maximowiczii – P. maxonii – P. mayana – P. mayeri – P. megalantha – P. megalochila – P. melalimne – P. melampyriflora – P. membranacea – P. merrilliana – P. metaszetschuanica – P. meteororhyncha – P. micrantha – P. microcalyx – P. microchilae – P. microloba – P. milosevicii – P. minima – P. minutilabris – P. mixta – P. mollis – P. monbeigiana – P. moschata – P. moupinensis – P. mucronulata – P. muguensis – P. multicaulis – P. munzurdaghensis – P. murreeana – P. muscicola – P. muscoides – P. mussotii – P. mustanghatana – P. mychophila – P. myriantha – P. myriophylla
n

P. nana – P. nanchuanensis – P. nanfutashanensis – P. nasturtiifolia – P. nasuta – P. neofischeri – P. neolatituba – P. nepalensis – P. nigra – P. ningjuingensis – P. nipponica – P. nobilis – P. nodosa – P. nordmanniana – P. novaiae-zemliae – P. numeniicephala – P. numidica – P. nyalamensis – P. nyingchiensis
o

P. obliquigaleata – P. obscura – P. ochiaiana – P. ochotensis – P. ochrorrhyncha – P. odontochila – P. odontocorys – P. odontoloma – P. odontophora – P. oederi – P. olgae – P. oligantha – P. oliveriana – P. olympica – P. omiiana – P. ophiocephala – P. orizabae – P. ornithorhyncha – P. orthantha – P. orthocoryne – P. oxycarpa – P. oxyrhyncha
p

P. paiana – P. pallasii – P. palustris – P. panjutinii – P. pantlingii – P. paradoxa – P. parryi – P. parviflora – P. pauciflora – P. paxiana – P. pectinata – P. pectinatiformis – P. pentagona – P. perpusilla – P. perrottetii – P. petelotii – P. petiolaris – P. petitmenginii – P. petrophila – P. phaceliifolia – P. pheulpinii – P. physocalyx – P. pilostachya – P. pinetorum – P. platychila – P. platyrhyncha – P. plicata – P. poluninii – P. polygaloides – P. polyodonta – P. pontica – P. popovii – P. porrecta – P. porriginosa – P. portenschlagii – P. potaninii – P. praeruptorum – P. prainiana – P. princeps – P. proboscidea – P. procera – P. przewalskii – P. pseudoatra – P. pseudocephalantha – P. pseudocurvituba – P. pseudoheydei – P. pseudohookeriana – P. pseudoingens – P. pseudomelampyriflora – P. pseudomuscicola – P. pseudoregeliana – P. pseudosteiningeri – P. pseudoversicolor – P. pteridifolia – P. pubiflora – P. pulchella – P. pulchra – P. punctata – P. pushpangadanii – P. pycnantha – P. pygmaea – P. pyramidata – P. pyrenaica
q

P. qinghaiensis – P. quxiangensis
r

P. racemosa – P. rainierensis – P. ramosissima – P. rechingeri – P. recurva – P. recutita – P. refracta – P. regeliana – P. remotiloba – P. reptans – P. resupinata – P. retingensis – P. rex – P. reynieri – P. rhinanthoides – P. rhizomatosa – P. rhodotricha – P. rhynchodonta – P. rhynchotricha – P. rigida – P. rigidescens – P. rigidiformis – P. rizhaoensis – P. roborowskii – P. robusta – P. rohtangensis – P. rosea – P. roseialba – P. rostratocapitata – P. rostratospicata – P. rotundifolia – P. roylei – P. rubens – P. rubinskii – P. rudis – P. ruoergaiensis – P. rupicola
s

P. sagalaevii – P. salicifolia – P. salviiflora – P. sanguilimbata – P. sarawschanica – P. sceptrum-carolinum – P. schistostegia – P. schizocalyx – P. schizorrhyncha – P. schugnana – P. scolopax – P. scullyana – P. sectifolia – P. semenowii – P. semibarbata – P. semitorta – P. shansiensis – P. sherriffii – P. siamensis – P. sibirica – P. sibthorpii – P. sigmoidea – P. sikkimensis – P. sima – P. siphonantha – P. smithiana – P. songarica – P. sorbifolia – P. souliei – P. sphaerantha – P. spicata – P. stadlmanniana – P. staintonii – P. steiningeri – P. stenocorys – P. stenophylla – P. stenotheca – P. stewardii – P. stewartii – P. straussii – P. streptorhyncha – P. striata – P. strobilacea – P. stylosa – P. subrostrata – P. subulatidens – P. sudetica – P. sunkosiana – P. superba – P. sylvatica – P. szetschuanica
t

P. tachanensis – P. tahaiensis – P. takpoensis – P. talassica – P. taliensis – P. tamurensis – P. tantalorhyncha – P. tantalorhynchoides – P. tapaoensis – P. tatarinowii – P. tatianae – P. tatsienensis – P. tayloriana – P. tenacifolia – P. tenera – P. tenuicaulis – P. tenuirostris – P. tenuisecta – P. tenuituba – P. ternata – P. terrenoflora – P. thailandica – P. thamnophila – P. tianschanica – P. tibetica – P. tomentosa – P. tongolensis – P. torta – P. transmorrisonensis – P. transversa – P. triangularidens – P. trichocymba – P. trichodonta – P. trichoglossa – P. trichomata – P. tricolor – P. tripinnata – P. tristis – P. tsaii – P. tsangchanensis – P. tsarungensis – P. tsekouensis – P. tsiangii – P. tsoongii – P. tuberosa
u

P. uliginosa – P. umbelliformis – P. uralensis – P. urceolata
v

P. vagans – P. variegata – P. venusta – P. verae – P. verbenifolia – P. veronicifolia – P. verticillata – P. vialii – P. villosa – P. violascens
w

P. waldheimii – P. wallichiana – P. wanghongiae – P. wardii – P. weixiensis – P. wilhelmsiana – P. wilsonii – P. wlassowiana – P. woodii
x

P. xiangchengensis – P. xiyingshanensis – P. xylopoda
y

P. yalungensis – P. yamazakiana – P. yanyuanensis – P. yaoshanensis – P. yarilaica – P. yezoensis – P. yui – P. yunnanensis
z

P. zayuensis – P. zeylanica – P. zhongdianensis
Source(s) of checklist:
Hassler, World Plants
Name

Pedicularis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 607. 1753; Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 266. 1754.

Lectotype species: Pedicularis palustris L., Sp. Pl. 2: 607. 1753, designated by M.L. Green (1929: 167). Superseding the choice of Pedicularis sylvatica L., Sp. Pl. 2: 607. 1753, designated by N.L. Britton et A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 3: 220. 7 Jun 1913 (American Code), approved by Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 82: 18. 1930.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Pediculariopsis Á.Löve & D.Löve, Bot. Not. 128(4): 518. 1975 [publ. 1976].

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 607. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 266. Reference page.
The Plant List 2013. Pedicularis in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Feb. 28.
Tropicos.org 2014. Pedicularis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Feb. 28.
International Plant Names Index. 2014. Pedicularis. Published online. Accessed: Feb. 28 2014.
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Pedicularis in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2019 Jan 6.
Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 3: 220. Reference page.
Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195 in International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 729. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2019. Pedicularis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Jan 6. Reference page.

Vernacular names

башҡортса: Бетүлән
беларуская: Увярэднік
български: Въшливче
čeština: Všivec
dansk: Troldurt
Deutsch: Läusekräuter
English: Lousewort
eesti: Kuuskjalg
فارسی: سنبل باتلاقی
suomi: Kuusiot
français: Pédiculaire
hornjoserbsce: Wšowica
magyar: Kakastaréj
հայերեն: Ոջլաղեղ
日本語: シオガマギク属
ქართული: სატილია
қазақша: Қандыгүл
lietuvių: Glindė
norsk bokmål: Myrkleggslekta
Nederlands: Kartelblad
Ирон: Егаргæрдæг
polski: Gnidosz
русский: Мытник
slovenčina: Všivec
svenska: Spiror
українська: Шолудивник
中文: 马先蒿属

Pedicularis is a genus of perennial green root parasite plants currently placed in the family Orobanchaceae (the genus previously having been placed in Scrophulariaceae sensu lato[1]).
Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum (Moor-king Lousewort)
Pedicularis semibarbata ssp charlestonensis (pinewoods lousewort)
Pollination
Pedicularis zeylanica

Description

Between 350 and 600 species are accepted by different authorities, mostly from the wetter northern temperate zones, as well as from South America. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with 352 species accepted in China alone.[2][3]
Taxonomy

The common name lousewort, applied to several species, derives from an old belief that these plants, when ingested, were responsible for lice infestations in livestock.[4][5] The genus name Pedicularis is from the Latin pediculus meaning louse.[6]
Selected species

Pedicularis acaulis
Pedicularis amoena
Pedicularis arguteserrata
Pedicularis ascendens
Pedicularis asparagoides
Pedicularis asplenifolia
Pedicularis attollens (little elephant's head)
Pedicularis baumgartenii
Pedicularis bhutanomuscoides
Pedicularis brachyodonta
Pedicularis bracteosa (fern-leaf, towering, or bracted lousewort)
Pedicularis cacuminidenta
Pedicularis canadensis (Canadian lousewort)
Pedicularis centranthera
Pedicularis comosa
Pedicularis compacta
Pedicularis contorta (coiled lousewort or white-coiled beak lousewort)
Pedicularis dasyantha (woolly lousewort)
Pedicularis dasystachys
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian warrior)
Pedicularis dhurensis
Pedicularis dudleyi (Dudley's lousewort)[7]
Pedicularis elegans
Pedicularis elephantiflora
Pedicularis elongata
Pedicularis exaltata
Pedicularis ferdinandi
Pedicularis flammea (redrattle)
Pedicularis foliosa (leafy lousewort)
Pedicularis furbishiae (Furbish's lousewort)
Pedicularis friderici-augusti
Pedicularis graeca
Pedicularis groenlandica (elephant's head)
Pedicularis gyroflexa
Pedicularis hacquetii
Pedicularis heterodonta
Pedicularis hirsuta (hairy lousewort)
Pedicularis howellii (Howell's lousewort)
Pedicularis julica
Pedicularis kaufmannii
Pedicularis kerneri
Pedicularis labradorica
Pedicularis lanata
Pedicularis lanceolata
Pedicularis langsdorfii
Pedicularis lapponica (Lapland lousewort)
Pedicularis leucodon
Pedicularis limnogena
Pedicularis mixta
Pedicularis oederi (crimson-tipped lousewort)
Pedicularis ornithorhyncha (duck's-bill/bird's-beak lousewort)
Pedicularis orthantha
Pedicularis oxycarpa
Pedicularis palustris (marsh lousewort)
Pedicularis parryi (Parry's lousewort)
Pedicularis pectinata
Pedicularis petiolaris
Pedicularis physocalyx
Pedicularis portenschlagii
Pedicularis procera (giant lousewort)
Pedicularis pyrenaica
Pedicularis racemosa (sickle-top lousewort, parrot's beak)
Pedicularis rainierensis (Mount Rainier lousewort)
Pedicularis recutita
Pedicularis resupinata
Pedicularis rex
Pedicularis rosea
Pedicularis rostratocapitata
Pedicularis rostratospicata
Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum (Moor-king lousewort)
Pedicularis schizocalyx
Pedicularis semibarbata (pinewoods lousewort)
Pedicularis sibthorpii
Pedicularis sudetica (fernweed, Sudeten lousewort or Sedetic lousewort)
Pedicularis sylvatica (common lousewort)
Pedicularis tuberosa
Pedicularis uralensis
Pedicularis verticillata (verticillate lousewort)

Pollination

Bombus polaris has an essential role in the pollination of the large zygomorphic flowers of Pedicularis.[8] B. polaris has a special adaption that allows it to work the spikes of Pedicularis from the bottom towards the top.[8]
References

IPNI (Pedicularis assigned to Scrophulariaceae)
Species accepted by the Flora of China (not detailed here; see external links for details).
O'Neill, A. R.; Rana, S. K. (2019). "An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 12 (14): 14. doi:10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y. PMC 4765049. PMID 26912113.
Jepson Manual Treatment: Pedicularis
"Online Virtual Flora of Wisconsin - Pedicularis canadensis". wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
Horn, compiled and edited by Dennis Horn and Tavia Cathcart ; technical editor, Thomas E. Hemmerly ; photo editors, David Duhl and Dennis (2005). Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians: the official field guide of the Tennessee Native Plant Society. [Edmonton]: Lone Pine Pub. p. 288. ISBN 978-1-55105-428-5.
The Status of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Animals and Plants of California (PDF), California Department of Fish and Game, Rare Plant Program, 2000, p. 181, retrieved 2007-11-16

Kevan, Peter G. (1972-11-01). "Insect Pollination of High Arctic Flowers". Journal of Ecology. 60 (3): 831–847. doi:10.2307/2258569. JSTOR 2258569.

Flora Europaea: Pedicularis