Paepalanthus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Eriocaulaceae
Subfamilia: Paepalanthoideae
Genus: Paepalanthus
Species: P. acantholimon – P. acanthophyllus – P. accrescens – P. actinocephaloides – P. aculeatus – P. acuminatus – P. acutipilus – P. aequalis – P. aereus – P. aggregatus – P. albiceps – P. albidus – P. albotomentosus – P. albovaginatus – P. albovillosus – P. aleurophyllus – P. allemanii – P. almasensis – P. alpestris – P. alpinus – P. alsinoides – P. altamirensis – P. amoenus – P. anamariae – P. anceps – P. andicola – P. apacarensis – P. archeri – P. arcuatus – P. arenicola – P. aretioides – P. argenteus – P. argillicola – P. argyrolinon – P. argyropus – P. argyrotrychus – P. aristatus – P. armeria – P. ascendens – P. asper – P. ater – P. atrovaginatus – P. augustus – P. aureus – P. auyantepuiensis – P. bahiensis – P. balansae – P. baraunensis – P. barbiger – P. barbulatus – P. barreirensis – P. batatalensis – P. belizensis – P. bellus – P. benedicti – P. beyrichianus – P. bifidus – P. blepharophorus – P. bombacinus – P. bongardii – P. bonsai – P. bosseri – P. brachyphyllus – P. brachypus – P. brevicaulis – P. brevis – P. bromelioides – P. brunnescens – P. bryoides – P. bulbosus – P. cabralensis – P. cachambuensis – P. cacuminis – P. caespititius – P. caldensis – P. callocephalus – P. callophyllus – P. calvescens – P. calvoides – P. calvulus – P. calvus – P. camptophyllus – P. canastrensis – P. candidus – P. canescens – P. capanemae – P. caparoensis – P. capillaris – P. capillatus – P. capillifolius – P. capitatus – P. capito – P. capixaba – P. cardonae – P. carvalhoi – P. caryonauta – P. cassiae – P. castaneus – P. catharinae – P. celsus – P. cephalotrichus – P. chaseae – P. chiapensis – P. chimantensis – P. chiquitensis – P. chloroblepharus – P. chlorocephalus – P. chloronema – P. chlorophyllus – P. chloropus – P. chrysolepis – P. chrysophorus – P. ciliatus – P. ciliolatus – P. cinereus – P. cipoensis – P. clausenii – P. claussenianus – P. coloides – P. comans – P. comosus – P. compactus – P. complanatus – P. conduplicatus – P. conjunctus – P. contasensis – P. convexus – P. cordatus – P. coronarius – P. corymbosus – P. costaricensis – P. coutoensis – P. crassicaulis – P. crateriformis – P. crinitus – P. cristatus – P. cryocephalus – P. cubensis – P. cumbricola – P. cururensis – P. cuspidatus – P. cylindraceus – P. dasynema – P. decorus – P. decumbens – P. decussus – P. deflexus – P. delicatus – P. dendroides – P. denudatus – P. desperado – P. diamantinensis – P. dianthoides – P. dichotomus – P. dichromolepis – P. diffissus – P. diffusus – P. digitiformis – P. digynus – P. diplobetor – P. distichophyllus – P. divaricatus – P. diversifolius – P. dupatya – P. echinoides – P. ekmanii – P. elatissimus – P. elatus – P. elongatulus – P. elongatus – P. engleri – P. ensifolius – P. erectifolius – P. erigeron – P. eriocauloides – P. eriophaeus – P. exiguus – P. extremensis – P. falcifolius – P. fallax – P. farinaceus – P. fasciculatus – P. fasciculifer – P. fasciculoides – P. fastigiatus – P. ferreyrae – P. fimbriatus – P. flaccidus – P. flaviceps – P. flavorutilus – P. flexuosus – P. fluviatilis – P. fraternus – P. freyreissii – P. fulgidus – P. fuscoater – P. gardnerianus – P. garimpensis – P. geniculatus – P. gentlei – P. giuliettiae – P. glabrescens – P. glabrifolius – P. glareosus – P. glaucescens – P. glaucophyllus – P. glaucopodus – P. gleasonii – P. globosus – P. gomesii – P. graminifolius – P. grao-mogolensis – P. guaraiensis – P. gyrotrichus – P. harleyi – P. harmsii – P. henriquei – P. herzogii – P. heterocaulon – P. heteropus – P. heterotrichus – P. hilairei – P. hippotrichophyllus – P. hirtellus – P. holstii – P. homomallus – P. huancabambensis – P. hydra – P. hymenolepis – P. ibitipocensis – P. implicatus – P. incanus – P. inopinatus – P. insignis – P. intermedius – P. itacambirensis – P. itambeensis – P. itatiaiensis – P. ithyphyllus – P. itremensis – P. jordanensis – P. karstenii – P. kleinii – P. klotzschianus – P. koernickeanus – P. koernickei – P. kunhardtii – P. lamarckii – P. lanatus – P. langsdorffii – P. latifolius – P. latipes – P. laxifolius – P. leiothricoides – P. leiseringii – P. lepidus – P. leucoblepharus – P. leucocephalus – P. lindenii – P. linearifolius – P. linearis – P. lingulatus – P. lodiculoides – P. lombensis – P. longibracteatus – P. longicaulis – P. longiciliatus – P. longifolius – P. longivaginatus – P. luetzelburgii – P. lundii – P. luteolus – P. lycopodioides – P. macaheensis – P. macarenensis – P. macer – P. macrocaulon – P. macrocephalus – P. macropodus – P. maculatus – P. magalhaesii – P. magistrae – P. major – P. manicatus – P. melaleucus – P. melanolepis – P. melanthus – P. mellii – P. mendoncianus – P. meridensis – P. mexiae – P. michaelii – P. microcaulon – P. microphorus – P. microphyllus – P. milho-verdensis – P. minasensis – P. minimus – P. minus – P. minutulus – P. miser – P. moaensis – P. modestus – P. moedensis – P. mollis – P. montanus – P. multicapitatus – P. multistellaris – P. muscosus – P. myocephalus – P. nanus – P. neglectus – P. neopulvinatus – P. niger – P. nigrescens – P. nigricans – P. nigricaulis – P. nigriflorus – P. nipensis – P. nodifer – P. obconicus – P. oblongifolius – P. obnatus – P. obtusifolius – P. ochrocephalus – P. ocreatus – P. oerstedianus – P. oligocephalus – P. orthoblepharus – P. orthogonalis – P. ovatus – P. oxyphyllus – P. oyapockensis – P. pachyphyllus – P. pallidus – P. parallelinervius – P. paramensis – P. parvicephalus – P. parviflorus – P. parvifolius – P. parvus – P. paulensis – P. paulinus – P. pauper – P. pedunculatus – P. perbracchiatus – P. perpusillus – P. petraeus – P. phaeocephalus – P. phelpsiae – P. pilosus – P. piresii – P. piscatorum – P. plagiostigma – P. planifolius – P. plantagineus – P. plantaginoides – P. platycaulis – P. plumosus – P. polyanthus – P. polycladus – P. polygonus – P. polytrichoides – P. praedensatus – P. praemorsus – P. prostratus – P. pruinosus – P. pseudoelongatus – P. pseudotortilis – P. pubescens – P. pulchellus – P. pullus – P. pulvinatus – P. pungens – P. ramosus – P. rectifolius – P. reflexus – P. refractifolius – P. regalis – P. regelianus – P. repens – P. restingensis – P. retusus – P. revolutus – P. rhizocephalus – P. rhizomatosus – P. riedelianus – P. rigidifolius – P. rigidulus – P. rigidus – P. riparius – P. robustus – P. roraimensis – P. rufescens – P. ruficeps – P. rufoalbus – P. rupestris – P. saxatilis – P. scandens – P. schlimii – P. schneckii – P. scholiophyllus – P. schomburgkii – P. schuechianus – P. scirpeus – P. scleranthus – P. scopulorum – P. scytophyllus – P. sedoides – P. senaeanus – P. septentrionalis – P. sericeus – P. sericiscapus – P. serpens – P. serrinhensis – P. seslerioides – P. sessiliflorus – P. sicifolius – P. silveirae – P. singularius – P. spathulatus – P. speleicola – P. sphaerocephalus – P. sphaeroides – P. sphaerulifer – P. spirophorus – P. spixianus – P. squamilifer – P. stannardii – P. stegolepoides – P. stellatus – P. stenolepis – P. stephanophorus – P. stereophyllus – P. striatus – P. strictus – P. stuetzelii – P. subcaulescens – P. subfalcatus – P. subtilis – P. succisus – P. suffruticans – P. sulcatus – P. superbus – P. supinus – P. tenuicaulis – P. tessmannii – P. thomasianus – P. tortilis – P. triangularis – P. tricholepis – P. trichopeplus – P. trichopetalus – P. trichophyllus – P. tuberosus – P. turbinatus – P. uleanus – P. umbrosus – P. uncinatus – P. undulatus – P. urbanianus – P. usterii – P. vaginans – P. vellozioides – P. velutinus – P. velutiphyllus – P. venustus – P. verae – P. vestitus – P. villipes – P. villosulus – P. viridulus – P. warmingianus – P. weberbaueri – P. weddellianus – P. xanthopus – P. xiphophyllus – P. yapacanensis

Name

Paepalanthus Mart., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 2: 28 (1834), nom. cons.

Type species: Paepalanthus lamarckii Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 506. (1841) typ. cons. as Paepalanthus "Lamarckii"

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Tonina Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 856 (1775).
Hyphydra Schreb., Gen. Pl., ed. 8[a], 2: 666 (1791).
Dupatya Vell., Fl. Flumin. 1: 35 (1829).
Lachnocaulon Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 497 (1841).
Paepalanthus Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 498 (1841), nom. illeg.
Cladocaulon Gardner, Hooker's Icon. Pl. 6: t. 528 (1843).
Blastocaulon Ruhland in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 30: 223 (1903).
Moldenkeanthus Morat, Adansonia, n.s., 15: 466 (1976).
Actinocephalus (Körn.) Sano, Taxon 53: 99 (2004).

Note : This is a view of Paepalanthus s.l. pending possible taxonomic changes based upon Andrino et al. (2020), Actinocephalus (Körn.) Sano, Taxon 53: 99 (2004) is often segregated on the basis of its dinumerous flowers.
References

Martius, C.F.P. von 1834. Les Eriocaulées considerées comme une famille distincte. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 2 2: 25–43; !28.
Andrino, C.O., Sano, P.T., Inglis, P.W., Hensold, N., Costa, F.N. & Simon, M.F. 2020. Phylogenetics of Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae), a diverse Neotropical monocot lineage. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 195(1): 34–52 DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boaa070 Paywall Reference page.
Echternacht, L., Sano, P.T., Trovó, M. & Dubuisson, J.-Y. 2011. Phylogenetic analysis of the Brazilian microendemic Paepalanthus subgenus Xeractis (Eriocaulaceae) inferred from morphology. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 167(2): 137–152. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01170.x. Reference page.
Giulietti, A.M., Harley, R.M. & Phillips, S. 1998. Proposal to change the type of Paepalanthus, nom. cons. (Eriocaulaceae). Taxon 47(3): 743–744. DOI: 10.2307/1223601 Reference page.
Trovó, M. & Sano, P.T. 2010. Taxonomic survey of Paepalanthus section Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae). Phytotaxa 14: 49–55. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.14.1.4 Paywall Reference page.
Sano, P.T. 2004. Actinocephalus (Körn.) Sano (Paepalanthus sect. Actinocephalus), a new genus of Eriocaulaceae, and other taxonomic and nomenclatural changes involving Paepalanthus Mart. Taxon 53(1): 99–107. DOI: 10.2307/4135493. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Paepalanthus in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Sep 22. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2015. Paepalanthus. Published online. Accessed: Aug 20 2015.
Tropicos.org 2014. Paepalanthus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Dec. 6.

Paepalanthus is a genus of plants in the family Eriocaulaceae. It has about 300-400 species, native mostly to tropical Africa and Latin America, with a few species in Japan and Madagascar.[1][2][3]

Selected species

Paepalanthus bromelioides Silveira
Paepalanthus celsus Tissot-Sq.

References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Trovó, M. & Takeo Sano, P. (2010). Taxonomic survey of Paepalanthus section Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae). Phytotaxa 14: 49-55.

Further reading
Marcio Cabral (9 February 2018). "Winning photos from the International Garden Photographer of the Year 2018, overall winner Cerrado Sunrise, a landscape of Paepalanthus chiquitensis in the Cerrado, Brazil". BBC News. Retrieved 9 February 2018.