Orthilia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Ericaceae
Subfamilia: Pyroloideae
Genus: Orthilia
Species: O. kareliniana – O. secunda
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Orthilia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 23. Reference page.

Name

Orthilia Raf.

Typus: O. secunda
(L.) House

References

Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C.S. 1840. Autikon Botanikon. Philadelphia. XV + 200 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.18180 Open access. Reference page. : 103.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Orthilia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 23. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Orthilia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 23. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Orthilia. Published online. Accessed: May 23 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Orthilia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 23.

Vernacular names
čeština: hruštice
suomi: Nuokkutalvikit
қазақша: Бүйіргүл
lietuvių: Užgina
polski: Gruszynka
русский: Ортилия, рамишия
slovenčina: hruštica
svenska: Björkpyrolasläktet
中文: 单侧花属

Orthilia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. It has only one species, Orthilia secunda.[1][2][3] Its common names are sidebells wintergreen,[1] one-sided-wintergreen and serrated-wintergreen.[2] It is also called one-sided pyrola, one-sided shinleaf, and one-sided wintergreen. It was previously part of genus Pyrola, the wintergreens.[4]

The plant has a circumboreal distribution, growing throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere.

The American wintergreen, Gaultheria procumbens, belongs to a different genus.

Mixotrophy

Orthilia secunda is a mixotroph. It obtains about one half of its carbon from mycorrhizal networks. Mycorrhizal fungi obtain carbon through the roots of nearby trees. Orthilia then obtains the carbon from the fungi through its roots. No counterflow of nutrients has been observed.[5]
Conservation status within the United States

It is listed as endangered and extirpated in Maryland, extirpated in Indiana, presumed extirpated in Ohio, as threatened in Iowa and Rhode Island.[6] It is a special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut.[7]
Ethnobotany

The Southern Carrier of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada use a strong decoction of the root as an eyewash.[8] Some Native Americans also crushed the leaves to make a poultice.[9]
References

"Orthilia secunda L." PLANTS Profile. United States Department of Agriculture; Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
"Orthilia secunda". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2009-07-17.
Pojar, Jim; Andy MacKinnon (1994). Plants of the Pacific Northwest. Lone Pine Publishing. p. 70. ISBN 1-55105-042-0.
"Plants Profile for Orthilia secunda (sidebells wintergreen )". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
John Whitfield, “Underground networking”, Nature, Vol. 449, 13 September 2007
"Plants Profile for Orthilia secunda (sidebells wintergreen )". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
"Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 2 January 2017. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62
Fagan, Damian (2019). Wildflowers of Oregon: A Field Guide to Over 400 Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Coast, Cascades, and High Desert. Guilford, CT: FalconGuides. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-4930-3633-2. OCLC 1073035766.