Orchidantha

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Zingiberales
Familia: Lowiaceae
Genus: Orchidantha
Species: O. borneensis – O. chinensis – O. chinensis – O. fimbriata – O. foetida – O. grandiflora – O. holttumii – O. inouei – O. insularis – O. laotica – O. longiflora – O. maxillarioides – O. quadricolor – O. sabahensis – O. siamensis – O. stercorea – O. suratii – O. vietnamica
Name

Orchidantha N.E.Br. , Gard. Chron., n.s., 26: 519 (1886)
Type species: Orchidantha borneensis N.E. Br. Gard. Chron. n.s., 26: 519. (1886)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Lowia Scort., Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 18: 308 (1886)
Protamomum Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 3: 383 (1893)
Lowia Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 120: t. 7351 (1894), nom. illeg.

References

Brown, N.E. (1886) The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series 26: 519.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2014. 8 in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Feb. . Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2014. Orchidantha. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Feb. 8.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Orchidantha in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
日本語: オルキダンタ属
한국어: 오르키단타속
русский: Орхиданта

Orchidantha is a genus of flowering plants. In the APG III system, it is placed in the family Lowiaceae,[2] as the sole genus.[5] It includes the plants in the formerly recognised genera Lowia and Protamomum.

Orchidantha remains a poorly known genus, found from southern China to Borneo.[4][6] Orchidantha means "orchid-flower", as one of the petals on the flowers is modified into a labellum, like the flowers of orchids.[7] One species, Orchidantha inouei of Borneo, imitates the smell of dung in order to attract small Onthophagus dung beetles as pollinators.[8]

Taxonomy
Cladogram: Phylogeny of Zingiberales[9]

Zingiberales     Zingiberineae Zingiberariae   Zingiberaceae     Costaceae     Cannariae   Cannaceae     Marantaceae         Strelitziineae   Lowiaceae     Strelitziaceae       Heliconiaceae             Musaceae

 
Species
Orchidantha siamensis

As of August 2013, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted 17 species:[4][10]

Orchidantha borneensis N.E.Br. - Borneo
Orchidantha chinensis T.L.Wu - Guangdong, Guangxi
Orchidantha fimbriata Holttum - Pen. Malaysia
Orchidantha foetida Jenjitt. & K.Larsen - Thailand
Orchidantha grandiflora Mood & L.B.Pedersen - Sabah
Orchidantha holttumii K.Larsen - Sabah, Brunei
Orchidantha inouei Nagam. & S.Sakai - Sarawak
Orchidantha insularis T.L.Wu - Hainan
Orchidantha laotica K.Larsen - Laos
Orchidantha longiflora (Scort.) Ridl. - Pen. Malaysia
Orchidantha maxillarioides (Ridl.) K.Schum. - Pahang
Orchidantha quadricolor L.B.Pedersen & A.L.Lamb - Sabah
Orchidantha sabahensis A.L.Lamb & L.B.Pedersen - Sabah
Orchidantha siamensis K.Larsen - Pen. Malaysia, S Thailand
Orchidantha stercorea H.Ð.Trần & Škorničk. - Vietnam
Orchidantha suratii L.B.Pedersen - Sabah
Orchidantha vietnamica K.Larsen - Vietnam

References

"Orchidantha". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
1894 illustration by Matilda Smith, published in "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" vol. 120 ser. 3 nr. 50 tabl. 7351
Search for "Orchidantha", "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
Stevens, P.F. "Lowiaceae". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 319 兰花蕉科 lan hua jiao ke Lowiaceae Ridley
"Lowiaceae" Archived 2012-09-02 at the Wayback Machine. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 9 September 2011
Sakai, Shoko; Tamiji, Inoue (1 January 1999). "A new pollination system: dung-beetle pollination discovered in Orchidantha inouei (Lowiaceae, Zingiberales) in Sarawak, Malaysia". American Journal of Botany. 86 (1): 56–61. doi:10.2307/2656954. JSTOR 2656954. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
Sass et al 2016.

Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.

Bibliography

Sass, C; Iles, WJ; Barrett, CF; Smith, SY; Specht, CD (21 January 2016). "Revisiting the Zingiberales: using multiplexed exon capture to resolve ancient and recent phylogenetic splits in a charismatic plant lineage". PeerJ. 4: e1584. doi:10.7717/peerj.1584. PMC 4727956. PMID 26819846.