Fine Art

Muscari comosum

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Asparagaceae
Subfamilia: Scilloideae
Tribus: Hyacintheae
Subtribus: Hyacinthinae
Genus: Muscari
Subgenus: M. subg. Leopoldia
Species: Muscari comosum
Name

Muscari comosum (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 2. 1768. (as “Muscari comosus”)
Synonyms

Basionym
Hyacinthus comosus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 318. 1753.
Typus: “Habitat in Galliae & Europae australis agris.” Lectotypus, designated by Bentzer (Bot. Not. 126: 75. 1973): Herb. Linn. No. 438.15 (LINN)
Homotypic
Scilla comosa (L.) Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 243. 1796.
Eubotrys comosa (L.) Raf., Autik. Bot.: 124. 1840.
Bellevalia comosa (L.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 306. 1843.
Leopoldia comosa (L.) Parl., Fl. Palerm. 1: 438. 1845. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2(2): 160. 1847.
Botrycomus vulgaris Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 160. 1869. nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Hyacinthus monstrosus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 318. 1753.
Muscari monstrosum (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 4. 1768. (as “monstrosus”)
Scilla monstrosa (L.) Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 243. 1796.
Muscari comosum subsp. monstrosum (L.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 228. 1890.
Muscari comosum f. monstrosum (L.) Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 2: 259. 1909.
Muscari comosum var. monstrosum (L.) Gillet & Magne, Nouv. Fl. Franc. 39. 1863.
Muscari longissimum Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 15. 1791.
Hyacinthus paniculatus Lam., Encycl. 3: 193. 1789.
Muscari paniculatum (Lam.) Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 16. 1791.
Pelotris paniculatus (Lam.) Raf., Autik. Bot.: 125. 1840.
Hyacinthus fuliginosus Pall., Nova Acta Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. Hist. Acad. 10: 309. 1797. nom. nud.
Muscari constrictum Tausch, Flora 24(1): 234. 1841.
Etheiranthus constrictus (Tausch) Kostel., Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag.: 56. 1844.
Leopoldia constricta (Tausch) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 71. 1878.
Bellevalia tenuiflora subsp. constricta (Tausch) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 306. 1890.
Muscari pyramidale Tausch, Flora 24(1): 235. 1841.
Leopoldia pyramidalis (Tausch) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 71. 1878.
Bellevalia pinardii Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 5: 62. 1844.
Muscari pinardii (Boiss.) Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 110. 1846.
Leopoldia pinardii (Boiss.) Parl., Fl. Palerm. 1: 440. 1845. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2(2): 162. 1847.
Etheiranthus milleri Kostel., Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag.: 56. 1844.
Leopoldia calandriniana Parl., Fl. Ital. 2: 496. 1857.
Muscari calandrinianum (Parl.) Nyman, Syll. Fl. Eur., Suppl.: 65. 1865.
Bellevalia calandriniana (Parl.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 732. 1882.
Muscari courtilleri Boreau, Fl. Centre France, ed. 3, 2: 621. 1857.
Muscari comosum subsp. courtilleri (Boreau) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 228. 1890.
Comus carnosus Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 24. 1866.
Bellevalia graeca Heldr., Atti Congr. Int. Bot. Firenze 1874: 228. 1876.
Leopoldia graeca (Heldr.) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 67. 1878.
Muscari graecum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 291. 1882.
Bellevalia holzmannii Heldr., Atti Congr. Int. Bot. Firenze 1874: 228. 1876.
Leopoldia holzmannii (Heldr.) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 65. 1878.
Muscari holzmannii (Heldr.) Hirc, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 33: 358. 1883.
Leopoldia comosa var. holzmannii (Heldr.) Halácsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 266. 1904.
Muscari comosum var. holzmannii (Heldr.) Vierh., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 166. 1916.
Muscari comosum subsp. holzmanni (Heldr.) Cif. & Giacom., Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 114. 1950.
Leopoldia curta Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 65. 1878.
Bellevalia holzmannii var. curta (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Muscari curtum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 292. 1882.
Leopoldia pharmacusana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 66. 1878.
Bellevalia pharmacusana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Bellevalia sartoriana subsp. pharmacusana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Muscari pharmacusanum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 291. 1882.
Leopoldia sartoriana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 66. 1878.
Bellevalia sartoriana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Muscari sartorianum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 292. 1882.
Leopoldia trojana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 68. 1878.
Muscari trojanum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 290. 1882.
Bellevalia bouriana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Leopoldia graminifolia Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Bellevalia graminifolia Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Muscari graminifolium Heldr. & Holzm. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135. 1891.
Leopoldia bouviana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733. 1882.
Muscari bouvianum Heldr. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135. 1891.
Muscari clusianum K.Koch, Linnaea 22: 253. 1849.
Leopoldia clusiana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 732. 1882.
Muscari bulgaricum Velen., Fl. Bulg.: 577. 1891.
Muscari charrellii Heldr. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135. 1891.
Muscari segusianum E.P.Perrier & Songeon, Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 436. 1894.
Leopoldia anguliflora Lojac., Fl. Sicul. 3: 93. 1909.
Leopoldia bormaniana Lojac., Fl. Sicul. 3: 94. 1909.
Muscari cousturieri Gand., Fl. Cret.: 101. 1916.
Muscari comosum var. cousturieri (Gand.) Hayek, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(3): 88. 1932
Muscari cretensium Gand., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 63: 242. 1919.
Muscari giennense Pau & Cuatrec., Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 249. 1929.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
References

Davis, P.H. & Stuart, D.C. 1984. Muscari. Pp. 245–263 in Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8 (Butomaceae to Typhaceae). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 632 pp., ISBN 0-85224-494-0. Reference page.
Bentzer, B. 1973. Taxonomy, Variation and Evolution in Representatives of Leopoldia Parl. (Liliaceae) in the Southern and Central Aegean. Botaniska Notiser 126(1): 69–132. Full issue PDF Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Leopoldia comosa in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Aug. 1. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2018. Muscari comosum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Sep. 28.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Muscari comosum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
Buttler, K.P., Thieme, M. & collborators 2018. Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 10. Frankfurt am Main, August 2018, published on the internet (http://www.kp-buttler.de).
Tela Botanica (ed.) 2000 onwards: Tela Botanica. Le réseau de la botanique francophone. eFlore. Muscari comosum. Association Tela Botanica, Montpellier, France. Accessed: 2018 Oct 20.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Schopfige Traubenhyazinthe
Ελληνικά: Μούσκαρι το εύκομο, Καλογήρια
English: Tassel Hyacinth
suomi: Töyhtöhelmililja
français: Muscari à toupet
polski: Szafirek miękkolistny

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