Muscari botryoides

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Asparagaceae
Subfamilia: Scilloideae
Tribus: Hyacintheae
Subtribus: Hyacinthinae
Genus: Muscari
Subgenus: M. subg. Muscari
Species: Muscari botryoides
Name

Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n.º 1. 1768. (as “botryoide”)
Synonyms

Basionym
Hyacinthus botryoides L., Sp. Pl. 1: 318. 1753.
Typus: "Habitat in Italia." Lectotypus, designated by Stearn, Ann. Mus. Goulandris 8: 206, f. 14. 1990): Herb. Linn. No. 438.16 (LINN).

Homotypic
Scilla inflata Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 243. 1796, nom. superfl.
Eubotrys arvensis Raf., Autik. Bot.: 124. 1840, nom. superfl.
Botryanthus vulgaris Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 311. 1843.
Botryphile botryoides (L.) Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 25. 1866, nom. inval.
Muscari racemosum subsp. botryoides (L.) Bonnier & Layens, Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 300. 1894.
Muscari polyphyllum Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 676. 1866. nom. inval., pro syn.
Heterotypic
Muscari lelievrei Boreau, Notes Pl. Franç. 2: 29. 1846.
Botryanthus lelievrei (Boreau) Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 23. 1870.
Muscari botryoides var. lelievrei (Boreau) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 418. 1870.
Muscari botryoides subsp. lelievrei (Boreau) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 227. 1890.
Muscari racemosum subsp. lelievrei (Boreau) R.C.V.Douin in Bonnier, Fl. Compl. Fr. 10: 90. 1929.
Botryanthus pulchellus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 23. 1870.
Botryanthus lelievrei var. pulchellus (Jord. & Fourr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 734. 1882.
Muscari transsilvanicum Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4(Anhang): 76. 1853.
Czekelia transsilvanica (Schur) Schur, Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 6: 237. 1856. nom. inval., pro syn., as “transsylvanica”
Botryanthus vulgaris var. transsilvanicus (Schur) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 734. 1882.
Muscari botryoides subsp. transsilvanicum (Schur) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 376. 1964.
Muscari botryoides var. bifolium Pančić, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 579. 1856.
Muscari inodorum Montandon in F.Friche-Joset, Syn. Fl. Jura, ed. 2: 313. 1868.
Botryanthus alpestris Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 23. 1870.
Botryanthus boraeanus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 22. 1870.
Botryanthus candidus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 23. 1870.
Botryanthus compactus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 24. 1870.
Botryanthus odorus var. compactus (Jord. & Fourr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 734. 1882.
Botryanthus conicus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 24. 1870.
Botryanthus festinus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 23. 1870.
Botryanthus heldreichii Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 24. 1870.
Botryanthus kerneri Marches., Boll. Soc. Adriat. Sci. Nat. Trieste 7: 266. 1882.
Botryanthus vulgaris var. kerneri (Marches.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 307. 1890.
Muscari botryoides subsp. kerneri (Marches.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 227. 1890.
Muscari kerneri (Marches.) Soldano, Annot. Checkl. Italian Vasc. Fl.: 20. 2005.
Muscari motelayi Foucaud, Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Char. Infer. 1891: 60. 1891. (accepted by Tela Botanica)
Muscari botryoides subsp. motelayi (Foucaud) Kerguélen, Lejeunia, n.s., 120: 130. 1987.
Muscari botryoides var. motelayi (Foucaud) P.Fourn., Quatre Fl. Fr.: 178. 1935.
Muscari lelievrei proles motelayi (Foucaud) Rouy, Fl. Fr. 12: 438. 1910.
Muscari racemosum var. motelayi (Foucaud) R.C.V.Douin in Bonnier, Fl. Compl. Fr. 10: 90. 1929.
Muscari botryoides f. candicum Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3, 1: 1125. 1896.
Muscari kerneri var. lacteiflorum Borbás, Term. Közl. 1896: 277. 1896.
Muscari botryoides lusus lacteiflorum (Borbás) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365. 1970 publ. 1971.
Muscari longifolium Rigo, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 12: 152. 1905.
Muscari botryoides subsp. longifolium (Rigo) Garbari, Inform. Bot. Ital. 28: 59. 1996.
Muscari pocuticum Zapał., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 164. 1906.
Muscari botryoides var. podolicum Zapał., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 165. 1906.
Muscari alpinum Szafer ex Racib., Kosmos. (Lvov) 35: 739. 1910, nom. illeg. non Muscari alpinum J.Gay ex Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 413. 1870.
Muscari carpaticum Racib. in W.Szafer, Fl. Polska 1: 137. 1919.
Muscari botryoides subsp. hungaricum Priszter, Bot. Közlem. 59: 46. 1972.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
References

Davis, P.H. & Stuart, D.C. 1984. Muscari. Pp. 245–263 in Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8 (Butomaceae to Typhaceae). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 632 pp., ISBN 0-85224-494-0. Reference page.
Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 578. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Muscari botryoides in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Sep 27. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Muscari botryoides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
Karlén, T. 1984. Muscari pulchellum (Liliaceae) and associated taxa in Greece and W Turkey. Willdenowia 14(1): 89–118. JSTOR Reference page.
Buttler, K.P., Thieme, M. & collborators 2018. Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 10. Frankfurt am Main, August 2018, published on the internet (http://www.kp-buttler.de).
Tela Botanica (ed.) 2000 onwards: Tela Botanica. Le réseau de la botanique francophone. eFlore. Muscari botryoides. Association Tela Botanica, Montpellier, France. Accessed: 2018 Oct 20.

Vernacular names
čeština: Modřenec širolistý
Cymraeg: Clychau dulas cryno
dansk: Almindelig Perlehyacint
Deutsch: Kleine Traubenhyazinthe
English: Common Grape Hyacinth
español: Jacinto de la uva
suomi: Hentohelmililja
hornjoserbsce: Mała kitelnička
magyar: Epergyöngyike
日本語: ルリムスカリ
lietuvių: Smulkiažiedė žydrė
Nedersaksies: Kraoltjes
Nederlands: Blauwe druifjes
polski: Szafirek drobnokwiatowy
slovenčina: Modrica širokolistá
српски / srpski: Пресличица
svenska: Pärlhyacint

Muscari botryoides is a bulbous perennial plant of the genus Muscari and one of a number of species and genera known as grape hyacinth. It is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant.

The flowers are close together, and are almost totally round. The lower fertile flowers point downwards, while upper ones, usually paler and sterile, point upwards. The flowers are bright blue with white lobes at the end in the wild species, but other colours are available, including white. M. botryoides is originally from central and south-eastern Europe, growing in open woodland and mountain meadows.[2]

The name botryoides is derived from the appearance of a miniature cluster of grapes.[3] M. botryoides is said to be much less invasive than species such as M. neglectum, nevertheless it is listed as invasive in Tennessee.[4]
References

Notes

WCSP (2011), World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2011-11-14, search for "Muscari botryoides"
Mathew, Brian (1987), The Smaller Bulbs, London: B.T. Batsford, ISBN 978-0-7134-4922-8, pp. 126
Johnson, A.T.; Smith, H.A. & Stockdale, A.P. (2019), Plant Names Simplified : Their Pronunciation Derivation & Meaning, Sheffield, Yorkshire: 5M Publishing, ISBN 9781910455067, p. 101

Beth Hanson, ed. (1 November 2002). Spring-Blooming Bulbs: An A to Z Guide to Classic and Unusual Bulbs for Your Spring Garden. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-889538-54-9. Retrieved 24 November 2012.

Sources

Pink, A. (2004), Gardening for the Million, Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
Rainy Side Gardeners Muscari botryoides