Moraceae

Cladus: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Magnoliophyta
Classis: Magnoliopsida
Ordo: Rosales
Familia: Moraceae
Tribus: Artocarpeae - Castilleae - Dorstenieae - Ficeae - Moreae

Name

Moraceae Link

Vernacular names
Internationalization
Nederlands: Moerbezieachtigen
Русский: Тутовые
Türkçe: Dutgiller
Українська: Тутові
中文: 桑科

References

* Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 6, May 2005. [1]
* Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Vascular Plant Families and Genera[2]
* DATWYLER & WEIBLEN. – American Journal of Botany 91(5): 767-777. 2004.[3]

Moraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — is a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates. The only synapomorphy within Moraceae is presence of lactifers and milky sap in all parenchymatous tissues, but generally useful field characters include two carpels sometimes with one reduced, compound inconspicuous flowers, and compound fruits.[1] Included are well-known plants such as the fig, banyan, breadfruit, mulberry, and Osage-orange. The 'flowers' of Moraceae are often pseudanthia (reduced inflorescences).

Classification

Formerly positioned within the now defunct order Urticales, recent genetic studies have resulted in its placement within Rosales in a clade called the urticalean rosids that also includes Ulmaceae, Celtidaceae, Cannabaceae and Urticaceae. Cecropia, which were variously placed in the Moraceae, the Urticaceae, or their own family Cecropicaceae, have turned out to belong in the Urticaceae.[2]

Moraceae dioecy evolves from monoecy, dioecy was the primitive state in Moraceae and monoecy evolved within in it up to four times.[3]

Genera

Tribe Artocarpeae

* Artocarpus - Breadfruit, Jackfruit
* Batocarpus
* Clarisia
* Hullettia
* Parartocarpus
* Prainea
* Treculia[4]

Tribe Castilleae

* Antiaris
* Antiaropsis
* Castilla
* Helicostylis
* Maquira
* Mesogyne
* Naucleopsis
* Perebia
* Poulsenia
* Pseudolmedia
* Sparattosyce[5]

Tribe Dorstenieae

* Brosimum - Breadnut
* Bosqueiopsis
* Dorstenia
* Helianthostylis
* Scyphosyce
* Trilepisium
* Trymatococcus
* Utsetela[6]

Tribe Ficeae

* Ficus - Fig trees, Banyans[7]

Tribe Moreae

* Bagassa
* Bleekrodea
* Broussonetia - Paper Mulberry
* Fatoua
* Maclura - Osage-orange
* Milicia
* Morus - Mulberry
* Sorocea
* Streblus
* Trophis[8]

Footnotes

1. ^ Judd et al. (2008)
2. ^ Sytsma et al. (2002)
3. ^ Datwyler and Weiblen (2004)
4. ^ "Genera of Moraceae tribe Artocarpeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2408. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
5. ^ "Genera of Moraceae tribe Castilleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2409. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
6. ^ "Genera of Moraceae tribe Dorstenieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2410. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
7. ^ "Genera of Moraceae tribe Ficeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2411. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
8. ^ "Genera of Moraceae tribe Moreae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2412. Retrieved 2009-03-11.

References

* Datwyler, Shannon L. & Weiblen, George D. (2004): On the origin of the fig:Phylogenetic relationships of Moraceae from ndhF sequences. American Journal of Botany 91(5): 767-777. PDF fulltext
* Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F. & Donoghue, Michael J. (2008): Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, MA.
* Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W. (2002): Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL-F, and ndhF sequences. American Journal of Botany 89(9): 1531-1546. PDF fulltext
* Zerega, Nyree J. C.; Clement, Wendy L.; Datwyler, Shannon L. & Weiblen, George D. (2005): Biogroegraphy and divergence times in the mulberry family (Moraceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37(2): 402-416. doi|10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.004 PDF fulltext