Liatris

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Eupatorieae
Subtribus: Liatrinae
Genus: Liatris
Sectiones: L. sect. Graminifolium – L. sect. Liatris – L. sect. Pilifilis – L. sect. Suprago – L. sect. Vorago
Name

Liatris Gaertn. ex Schreb. (1791), nom. cons.

Type species: L. squarrosa (L.) Michx., typ. cons.

Synonyms

Homotypic
Lacinaria J.Hill, Veg. Syst. 4: 49. 1762, nom. rej.

Heterotypic
Ammopursus Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 392. 1924.
Type species: L. ohlingerae (Blake) B.L.Rob.
Calostelma D.Don in Sweet, Brit. Flow. Gard. ser. 2, 2: 184. 1833.
Type species: C. elegans D.Don
Psilothamnus Necker, Elem. Bot. 1:69. 1790, nom. inval.
Type species: non design.
Suprago Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2(3):402. 1791.
Type species: S. spicata (L.) Gaertn.

Species overview

L. acidota – L. aestivalis – L. aspera – L. bracteata – L. chapmanii – L. cokeri – L. compacta – L. cylindracea – L. cymosa – L. elegans – L. elegantula – L. garberi – L. gholsonii – L. glandulosa – L. gracilis – L. helleri – L. hirsuta – L. laevigata – L. lancifolia – L. ligulistylis – L. microcephala – L. ohlingerae – L. oligocephala – L. patens – L. pauciflora – L. pilosa – L. provincialis – L. punctata – L. pycnostachya – L. savannensis – L. scariosa – L. spicata – L. squarrosa – L. squarrulosa – L. tenuifolia – L. tenuis – L. virgata

Nothospecies: L. × boykinii – L. × fallacior – L. × freemanniana – L. × frostii – L. × gladewitzii – L. × macdanieliana – L. × ridgwayi – L. × steelei – L. × weaveri
References

Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G., (eds.) Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). 1996+. Accessed: 2009 April 21. [1].
Nesom, G.L. 2005. Infrageneric classification of Liatris (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae). Sida 21(3): 1305–1321 [2].
Schreber, J.C.D.v. 1791. Gen. 2: 542.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Prachtscharten
English: blazingstar
suomi: Punatähkät
русский: Лиатрис

Liatris (/laɪˈætrɪs/[2]) is a genus of flowering plants in the boneset tribe within the sunflower family native to North America (Canada, United States, Mexico and the Bahamas).[3][4][5] Its most common name is blazing star.[5][6] Some species are used as ornamental plants, sometimes in flower bouquets.

They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of corms.[5]

Liatris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the flower moths Schinia gloriosa and Schinia sanguinea, both of which feed exclusively on the genus, and Schinia tertia and Schinia trifascia.
Classification

Liatris is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have disc florets and no ray florets. Liatris is in the subtribe Liatrinae along with Trilisa, Carphephorus, and other genera.[7][8] Liatris is closely related to Garberia, a genus with only one species endemic to Florida. The two genera can be distinguished by the shrub form of the latter and by karyotype.[9]
Species

Species in the genus include:[1][5][6][10][11][12]

Liatris acidota – sharp blazing star, Gulf Coast blazing star - TX LA
Liatris aestivalis – summer blazing star - TX OK
Liatris aspera – tall blazing star - ONT, United States (Mississippi Valley, Great Lakes, scattered locales in East)
Liatris borealis - Allegheny Mountains of PA
Liatris × boykinii - GA AL
Liatris bracteata – bracted blazing star - TX
Liatris chapmanii – Chapman's blazing star - FL GA AL
Liatris cokeri – Coker's blazing star - NC SC
Liatris compacta – scaly blazing star - AR OK
Liatris creditonensis - ONT
Liatris cylindracea – Ontario blazing star, fewhead blazing star - ONT, central + southeastern United States
Liatris cymosa – branched blazing star - TX
Liatris × deamii
Liatris densispicata - MN
Liatris elegans – pinkscale blazing star, elegant blazing star - TX OK AR LA MS AL FL GA SC
Liatris elegantula – shaggy blazing star - TN MS AL GA FL
Liatris fallacior - ND
Liatris × frostii - MN MO
Liatris garberi – Garber's blazing star - FL Bahamas
Liatris gholsonii – Gholson's blazing star - FL
Liatris × gladewitzii - ONT, MI WI IL
Liatris glandulosa – glandular blazing star - TX
Liatris gracilis – slender blazing star - MS AL GA FL SC
Liatris helleri – Heller's blazing star, turgid blazing star - MD WV VA NC
Liatris hirsuta – hairy blazing star - central + southeastern United States
Liatris laevigata – shortleaf blazingstar - FL GA
Liatris lancifolia – lanceleaf blazingstar - NM TX CO WY KS NE SD IA
Liatris ligulistylis – Rocky Mountain blazing star, strap-style blazing star - MAN SAS ALB ND SD MN WI IL IA MO NE WY MT CO NM
Liatris microcephala – small-head blazing star - NC SC GA AL TN KY
Liatris novae-angliae – New England blazing-star
Liatris ohlingerae – Florida blazing star, scrub blazing star - FL
Liatris oligocephala – Cahaba torch - AL
Liatris patens – spreading blazing star, Georgia blazing star - FL GA SC
Liatris pauciflora – fewflower blazing star - AL GA FL SC NC
Liatris pilosa – grass-leaf blazing star, shaggy blazing star - SC NC VA MD DE PA NJ
Liatris × platylepis - LA
Liatris provincialis – Godfrey's blazing star - FL
Liatris punctata – dotted blazing star, plains gayfeather - MAN SAS ALB eastern + central United States Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí
Liatris pycnostachya – prairie blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather - QUE eastern United States
Liatris × ridgwayi - IL KS
Liatris savannensis – savanna blazing star - FL
Liatris scariosa – northern gayfeather, devil's bite - eastern + central United States
Liatris × serotina - LA
Liatris × spheroidea - ONT
Liatris spicata – dense blazing star, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine - ONT QUE eastern United States
Liatris squarrosa – loosescale gayfeather, colicroot, scaly blazing star - central + southeastern United States
Liatris squarrulosa – southern gayfeather, Appalachian blazing star - south-central + southeastern United States
Liatris × steelei - IL IN KY
Liatris tenuifolia – pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf gayfeather - MS AL GA TN SC
Liatris tenuis – gulf blazing star, Shinners' gayfeather - TX LA
Liatris virgata – wand blazing star, King's Mountain gayfeather, piedmont gayfeather - VA WV NC SC GA
Liatris × weaveri - NE

References

Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Archived 2014-12-17 at archive.today
Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07.
Schreber, Johann Christian Daniel von. 1791. Genera Plantarum 2: 542
"Liatris". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Nesom, Guy L. (2006). "Liatris". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 21. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
"Liatris". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Schmidt, G. J. and E. E. Schilling (2000). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Eupatorium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data". American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America. 87 (5): 716–726. doi:10.2307/2656858. JSTOR 2656858. PMID 10811796.
"Asteraceae subtribe Liatrinae". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Lamont, Eric E. (2006). "Garberia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 21. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
GRIN Species Records of Liatris. GRIN.
"Liatris". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
Turner, B. L. 1997. The Comps of Mexico: A systematic account of the family Asteraceae, vol. 1 – Eupatorieae. Phytologia Memoirs 11: i–iv, 1–272