Lentibulariaceae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lentibulariaceae
Genera: Genlisea – Isoloba – Pinguicula – Utricularia

Name

Lentibulariaceae Rich., Fl. Paris (ed. fol.) 1: 23. (1808), nom. cons.
Synonyms

Heterotypic
Pinguiculaceae Dumort., Anal. Fam. Pl.: 19, 23. (1829)
Utriculariaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, Fl. Portug. 1: 62. (1809)

References

Richard, L.C.M. (1808) Flore parisienne (P.A. Poiteau & P.J.F. Turpin) 1: ed. fol.: 23, ed. qu.: 26.
Tropicos.org 2014. Lentibulariaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 Oct. 2.

Vernacular names
العربية: سندبيات
беларуская: Плывунцовыя
català: Lentibulariàcies
čeština: Bublinatkovité
dansk: Blærerod-familien
Deutsch: Wasserschlauchgewächse
English: Bladderwort family
eesti: Vesihernelised
فارسی: علف‌انبانیان
suomi: Vesihernekasvit
français: Lentibulariacées
hrvatski: Tusticovke
hornjoserbsce: Pucherjakowe rostliny
日本語: タヌキモ科
қазақша: Дүңгіршектер тұқымдасы
한국어: 통발과
kurdî: Famîleya gihagerdebilên aviyan
lietuvių: Skendeniniai
മലയാളം: ലെന്റിബുലറിയേസീ
Nederlands: Blaasjeskruidfamilie
norsk: Blærerotfamilien
polski: Pływaczowate
română: Lentibulariacee
русский: Пузырчатковые
slovenčina: bublinatkovité
svenska: Tätörtsväxter
ไทย: วงศ์สร้อยสุวรรณา
українська: Пухирникові
Tiếng Việt: Họ Nhĩ cán
中文: 狸藻科

Lentibulariaceae, the bladderwort family, is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.

The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Lentibulariaceae - Utricularia humboldtii
Evolution

Carnivory in plants appears to have evolved independently in four major angiosperm lineages and five orders: Poales, Caryophyllales, Oxalidales, Ericales, and Lamiales.

One common trait found in several Lamiales families that may have led to carnivory is the secretion of proteinase mucilage through leaf surfaces. This mucilage is generally used to prevent insect predation by trapping and degrading potentially harmful insects. Some research suggests these glands can quite easily shift their function from secretion to absorption. This shift may have first occurred in the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the Lentibulariaceae, introducing absorptive glands that provided additional macronutrients through trapped insects. The additional source of nutrients may have increased fitness of plants growing in low-nutrient habitats which eventually caused an embrace of carnivory. Further mapping of traits also suggests the MRCA was terrestrial and possessed a basal rosette composed of flat leaves and a primary root.
References

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.

Ellison, A.; Gotelli, N. (2009). "Energetics and the evolution of carnivorous plants-Darwin's 'most wonderful plants in the world'" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Botany. 60 (1): 19–42. doi:10.1093/jxb/ern179. PMID 19213724.
Jobson, Richard W.; Playford, Julia; Cameron, Kenneth M. & Albert, Victor A. (2003). "Molecular Phylogenetics of Lentibulariaceae Inferred from Plastid rps16 Intron and trnL-F DNA Sequences: Implications for Character Evolution and Biogeography". Systematic Botany. 28 (1): 157–171. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-28.1.157 (inactive 31 May 2021).
K. Müller; T. Borsch; L. Legendre; S. Porembski; I. Theisen; W. Barthlott (2004). "Evolution of Carnivory in Lentibulariaceae and the Lamiales". Plant Biology (Stuttgart). 6 (4): 477–490. doi:10.1055/s-2004-817909. PMID 15248131.