Lennooideae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Boraginales

Familia: Boraginaceae
Subfamilia: Lennooideae
Genera: Lennoa – Pholisma
Name

Lennooideae Torr., in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 8: 56. (1854) nom. cons. As Lennoeae

Type genus: Lennoa Lex., Nov. Veg. Descr. [La Llave & Lexarza] 1: 7. (1824)

Synonyms

Homotypic
Lennoaceae Solms in Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 11: 174. (1870) nom. cons. nom. alt.
Lennoeae Baill., Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 11: 161, 207. (1891)
Heterotypic
Pholismateae Horan., Char. Ess. Fam.: 109. (1847)

References
Primary references

Torrey, J.T. 1854. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. New York 8: 56.

Additional references

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181(1): 1–20. DOI: 10.1111/boj.12385 Reference page.
Luebert, F., Cecchi, L., Frohlich, M.W., Gottschling, M., Guilliams, C.M., Hasenstab-Lehman, K.E., Hilger, H.H., Miller, J.S., Mittelbach, M., Nazaire, M. & Nepi, M. 2016. Familial classification of the Boraginales. Taxon 65(3): 502–522. DOI: 10.12705/653.5 Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page. As Lennoaceae

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2020. Lennooideae. Published online. Accessed: Oct 24 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Lennooideae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Oct 24.

Vernacular names
русский: Ленноевые
中文: 盖裂寄生科

Lennooideae is a subfamily of parasitic flowering plants of southwestern North America and northwestern South America.

The relationships of this subfamily to other plants remain uncertain. It was traditionally treated at family rank as Lennoaceae, and placed in different orders by different authors, including Lamiales (in the Cronquist system) and Solanales (Dahlgren system). More recently, molecular phylogenetic publications grouped it within the clade "Euasterids I", and most recently, it was demoted to a subfamily of the family Boraginaceae in the APG II system.[1]

This subfamily has a disjunct distribution, occurring in Colombia as well as a separate area in southwestern North America, covering parts of California, Arizona and Mexico.[2] It consists of up to three genera, Ammobroma, Lennoa and Pholisma, which among them hold around five species, including the desert Christmas tree, Pholisma arenarium, and sandfood, Pholisma sonorae.[3]

Members of this subfamily are succulent, herbaceous plants with no chlorophyll.[4] The leaves are reduced to short scales, and the plants are entirely parasitic on the roots of their hosts, which are typically Clematis, Euphorbia or various woody Asteraceae.[4]

References

Friedrich A. Lohmüller (2005). "Lennoaceae". The Botanical System of the Plants.
Dan Nickrent (February 25, 2006). "Lennoaceae". The Parasitic Plant Connection. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.
"Pholisma". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 25 June 2007.
L. Watson & M. J. Dallwitz (1 June 2007). "Lennoaceae Solms-Laubach". The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval.