Grindelia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Astereae
Subtribus: Machaerantherinae
Genus: Grindelia
Species: G. adenodonta – G. aegialitis – G. anethifolia – G. argentina – G. arizonica – G. atlantica – G. boliviana – G. brachystephana – G. buphthalmoides – G. cabrerae – G. chacoensis – G. chiloensis – G. ciliata – G. confusa – G. coronensis – G. covasii – G. decumbens – G. fraxinipratensis – G. gaucha – G. globularifolia – G. glutinosa – G. grandiflora – G. greenmanii – G. havardii – G. hintoniorum – G. hirsutula – G. hirtella – G. howellii – G. integrifolia – G. inuloides – G. lanceolata – G. leptocarpa – G. linearifolia – G. macvaughii – G. mendocina – G. microcephala – G. nelsonii – G. oaxacana – G. obovatifolia – G. oolepis – G. orientalis – G. oxylepis – G. palmeri – G. patagonica – G. prostrata – G. puberula – G. pulchella – G. pusilla – G. pygmaea – G. ragonesei – G. robinsonii – G. rupestris – G. scabra – G. scorzonerifolia – G. squarrosa – G. subalpina – G. subdecurrens – G. sublanuginosa – G. tarapacana – G. tenella – G. tricuspis – G. turneri – G. ventanensis – G. vetimontis – G. villarrealii
Name

Grindelia Willd., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 1: 259. (1807)

Type species: Grindelia inuloides Willd., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 1: 259. (1807)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Aurelia Cass., Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 175. (1815) et in Dict. Sc. Nat. 37: 468.. (1816)
Demetria Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 30. (1816)
Doniana Raf., Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 2: 268. (1818) nom. illeg. nom. superfl.
Olivaea Sch.Bip. ex Benth., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 12: t. 1103. (1872)

References

Willd. 1807. Magazin für die Neuesten Entdeckungen in der Gesammten Naturkunde, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1(4): 259–261.
Hassler, M. 2017. Grindelia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2017 Dec 16. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2017. Grindelia. Published online. Accessed: Dec. 16 2017.
Tropicos.org 2017. Grindelia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2017 Dec. 16.

Vernacular names
English: Gumweed
русский: Гринделия

Grindelia (gumweed) is a genus of plants native to the Americas belonging to the sunflower family.[2][3][4] The genus was named for Latvian botanist David Hieronymus Grindel, 1776–1836.[5]

They are herbaceous plants or subshrubs with annual, biennial, or perennial life cycles.[5] The flowerheads are composed of numerous yellow disc florets (usually between 100–200) and from zero to sixty or more yellow or orange ray florets.[5] Grindelia squarrosa, a plant with bright yellow flowers indigenous to much of the United States, is commonly called curlycup gumweed. Grindelia robusta, found in the western states, is a coastal scrub bush that is reputed to have several medicinal uses. Hairy gumweed, Grindelia cuneifolia, occurs in brackish coastal marshes of western North America, such as in some portions of the San Francisco Bay perimeter.[5] The genus is native to South America, Mexico, and western North America, though some species have been introduced and naturalized in eastern North America and the Old World.[5]

Grindelia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Schinia mortua.
Species

There are many species,[5] including:[1][6][7][8][9]

Grindelia adenodonta - Texas
Grindelia aegialitis - Buenos Aires
Grindelia aggregata - British Columbia
Grindelia andina - Chile
Grindelia anethifolia - Chile, Argentina
Grindelia arizonica - USA (Arizona New Mexico Utah Colorado), Coahuila, Chihuahua, western Texas
Grindelia boliviana - Bolivia, Peru, Argentina
Grindelia brachystephana - Peru, Argentina
Grindelia buphthalmoides - Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Buenos Aires
Grindelia cabrerae - northern Argentina
Grindelia chacoensis - northern Argentina, Paraguay
Grindelia chiloensis - Chile, Argentina
Grindelia ciliata - western + central USA
Grindelia confusa - Chihuahua
Grindelia coronensis - southern Argentina
Grindelia covasii - northern Argentina
Grindelia decumbens - Colorado, New Mexico
Grindelia eligulata - Nuevo León, Coahuila, Chihuahua
Grindelia fraxinipratensis - California, Nevada
Grindelia globularifolia - northern Argentina
Grindelia glutinosa - Tarapacá, Peru
Grindelia grandiflora - Coahuila, Texas
Grindelia greenmanii - Nuevo León, Coahuila, San Luis Potosí
Grindelia havardii - Texas, New Mexico
Grindelia hintoniorum - Nuevo León
Grindelia hirsutula - California
Grindelia howellii - Idaho
Grindelia integrifolia - Oregon Washington British Columbia
Grindelia inuloides - from Coahuila to Oaxaca
Grindelia lanceolata - USA (mostly southern Plains), Nuevo León
Grindelia linearifolia - Uruguay
Grindelia macvaughii - Jalisco
Grindelia mendocina - northern Argentina
Grindelia microcephala - Texas
Grindelia nelsonii - Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán
Grindelia nuda - Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma
Grindelia oaxacana - Oaxaca
Grindelia obovatifolia - Nuevo León
Grindelia oolepis - Texas
Grindelia orientalis - Uruguay
Grindelia oxylepis - New Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Colima
Grindelia palmeri - San Luis Potosí
Grindelia patagonica - Argentina
Grindelia prostrata - northern Argentina
Grindelia prunelloides - Chile, southern Argentina
Grindelia puberula - Rio Grande do Sul, Argentina, Paraguay
Grindelia pusilla - Texas, Coahuila
Grindelia pygmaea - southern Argentina
Grindelia ragonesei - northern Argentina
Grindelia robinsonii - San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo
Grindelia robusta - California, Baja California, Baja California Sur
Grindelia rupestris - Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay
Grindelia scabra - Texas, New Mexico, Coahuila
Grindelia scorzonerifolia - Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, Uruguay
Grindelia squarrosa - much of USA + Canada
Grindelia stricta - west coast of North America (California to Alaska)
Grindelia subalpina - Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming
Grindelia subdecurrens - San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes
Grindelia sublanuginosa - Jalisco
Grindelia tarapacana - Tarapacá, Peru
Grindelia tehuelches - Argentina
Grindelia tenella - Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas
Grindelia turneri - Nuevo León
Grindelia ventanensis Buenos Aires
Grindelia vetimontis - Nuevo León
Grindelia villarrealii - Nuevo León

References

Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
Willdenow, Carl Ludwig von. 1807. Magazin für die Neuesten Entdeckungen in der Gesammten Naturkunde, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1(4): 259–261
"Grindelia Willd.". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Nesom, Guy L. 1990. Studies in the systematics of Mexican and Texan Grindelia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Phytologia 68(4):303-332
Strother, John L.; Wetter, Mark A. (2006). "Grindelia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 20. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
"Grindelia". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2013.
Davidse, G., M. Sousa-Peña, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2015. Asteraceae. 5(2): ined. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
Pruski, J.F. & G. Sancho. 2004. Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower Family). 33–39. In N. Smith & et al. (eds.) Flowering plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
The Plant List, search for Grindelia