Fouquieria

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales
Familia: Fouquieriaceae
Genus: Fouquieria
Species: F. burragei – F. columnaris – F. diguetii – F. fasciculata – F. formosa – F. leonilae – F. macdougalii – F. ochoterenae – F. purpusii – F. shrevei – F. splendens
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Fouquieria in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 07. Reference page.

Name

Fouquieria Kunth, 1823

Type species: Fouquieria formosa Kunth.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Bronnia Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 83 (1823).
Idria Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 34 (1863).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
Arizona, California, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Kunth, C.S. in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, 1823. Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 81.

Additional references

Govaerts, R.H.A. 2001. World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS E-F: 1-50919. [unavailable to the public] Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Fouquieria in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 07. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Fouquieria in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 07. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Fouquieria. Published online. Accessed: Jul 07 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Fouquieria. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 07.
Hassler, M. 2021. Fouquieria. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 07. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Fouquieria. Accessed: 07 Jul 2021.
WFO (2021)
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Fouquieria in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names
English: ocotillo
suomi: Okotillot
перем коми: Фукьерия
한국어: 관봉옥속
кырык мары: Фукьери
русский: Фукьерия
удмурт: Фукьерия
中文: 福桂树科
Fouquieria is a genus of 11 species of desert plants, the sole genus in the family Fouquieriaceae. The genus includes the ocotillo (F. splendens) and the Boojum tree or cirio (F. columnaris). They have semisucculent stems with thinner spikes projecting from them, with leaves on the bases spikes. They are unrelated to cacti and do not look much like them; their stems are proportionately thinner than cactus stems and their leaves are larger.
Contents

1 Taxonomy
1.1 Taxonomic history
1.2 Etymology
2 Ecology
3 Distribution and habitat
4 Species
5 References
6 External links

Taxonomy
Taxonomic history

Fouquieria species do not have a particularly close resemblance to any other sort of plants; genetic evidence has shown they belong in the Ericales. Before this, they had been variously placed in the Violales or their own order, Fouquieriales.

The Seri people identify three species of Fouquieria in their area of Mexico: jomjéeziz or xomjéeziz (F. splendens), jomjéeziz caacöl (F. diguetii, Baja California tree ocotillo), and cototaj (F. columnaris, boojum).[3]
Etymology

The genus is named after French physician Pierre Fouquier (1776-1850).
Ecology

Fouquieria shrevei is endemic to the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin in Mexico, and is unusual in possessing vertical resinous wax bands on the stems, and exhibits gypsophily, the ability to grow on soils with a high concentration of gypsum. It has aromatic white flowers and is presumed to be moth-pollinated. Other species in the genus with orange or red flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds or carpenter bees. Fouquieria diguetii is host to a peacock mite, Tuckerella eloisae.

The spines of Fouquieria develop in an unusual way, from a woody thickening on the outer (lower) side of the leaf petiole, which remains after the leaf blade and most of the petiole separate and fall from the plant.[4]
Distribution and habitat

These plants are native to northern Mexico and the bordering US states of Arizona, southern California, New Mexico, and parts of southwestern Texas, favoring low, arid hillsides.
Species

Fouquieria burragei Rose – gulf ocotillo[5]
Fouquieria columnaris (Kellogg) Kellogg ex Curran – boojum tree[5]
Fouquieria diguetii (Tiegh.) I.M.Johnst. – Adam's tree[5]
Fouquieria fasciculata Nash
Fouquieria formosa Kunth
Fouquieria leonilae Miranda

Fouquieria macdougallii Nash
Fouquieria ochoterenae Miranda
Fouquieria purpusii Brandegee
Fouquieria shrevei I.M.Johnst.
Fouquieria splendens Engelm. – ocotillo[6]

References

"Genus: Fouquieria Kunth". Germplasm Resources Information Network: Fouquieria. 1996-09-17. Retrieved 2011-04-30.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
Felger, Richard S.; Mary B. Moser (1985). People of the Desert and Sea: Ethnobotany of the Seri Indians. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-0818-1.
W. J. Robinson, 1904. The spines of Fouquieria. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 31(1):45–50
Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 174.

"Species Records of Fouquieria". Germplasm Resources Information Network: Fouquieria. Retrieved 2011-04-30.

Moser, Mary B.; Stephen A. Marlett (2005). Comcáac quih yaza quih hant ihíip hac: Diccionario seri-español-inglés (PDF) (in Spanish and English). Hermosillo, Sonora: Universidad de Sonora and Plaza y Valdés Editores.