Erythranthe lutea

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Phrymaceae
Genus: Erythranthe
Species: Erythranthe lutea
Name

Erythranthe lutea (L.) G.L.Nesom Phytoneuron 2012-39: 45. (2012)
Synonyms

Basionym
Mimulus luteus L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2), 884. (1763)
Heterotypic
Mimulus cupreus Regel
Mimulus glabratus var. micranthus
Mimulus guttatus Fisch.
Mimulus luteus subvar. macrophyllus
Mimulus luteus var. alpinus
Mimulus luteus var. nummularius
Mimulus luteus var. rivularis
Mimulus luteus var. youngeanus
Mimulus nummularius (Clos) Stace
Mimulus ocellatus Bert. ex Steud.
Mimulus perluteus Voss
Mimulus punctatus Miers ex Bertero
Mimulus smithii Lindl.

References

Barker, W.R., Nesom, G.L., Beardsley, P.M. & Fraga, N.S. 2012. A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscription for Mimulus, new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations. Phytoneuron 2012-39: 1–60. PDF Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2017. Erythranthe lutea. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2017 Apr. 8. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2017. Erythranthe lutea. Published online. Accessed: Apr. 8 2017.

Erythranthe lutea is a species of monkeyflower also known as yellow monkeyflower, monkey musk, blotched monkey flowers, and blood-drop-emlets.[2][3][4][5] It was formerly known as Mimulus luteus.[1][6][7][8]

Description

E. lutea blooms in the summer and grows to about 30 centimetres (12 in) in height.[9] The flowers are yellow with irregular reg blotches and the leaves are hairy, paired, and round.[4] Because of its yellow petals, E. luteus is in the "yellow monkeyflower" group, unlike most members of the genus, which have red or pink petals.[10]

Some sources list Erythranthe lutea separately due to chromosomal variations.[11][12] Barker, etal (2012) proposes a new taxonomy for Phrymaceae, leaving only 7 species in Mimulus, none in Mimulus lutea, and placing 111 in Erythranthe. Barker also offers 4 different options for how to implement this new taxonomy.[1]

The luteus group consists of Erythranthe luteus var. variegatus, E. naiandinus and E. cupreus.[10]
Distribution and habitat

Erythranthe lutea prefers to grow in wet habitats such as marshes and riverbanks. It grows in North and South America and has been naturalized in Britain,[5] having been first cultivated there circa 1826.[13]
References

Barker, W. L. (Bill); et al. (2012). "A Taxonomic Conspectus of Phyrmaceae: A Narrowed Circumscription for MIMULUS, New and Resurrected Genera, and New Names and Combinations" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 39: 1–60. ISSN 2153-733X.
GRIN (April 22, 2014). "Mimulus luteus L." Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
"Blood-drop-emlets (Mimulus luteus)". iNaturalist. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
"Blotched Monkey Flower". Virtual Hebrides. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
"Mimulus luteus L." Plants for a Future. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi:10.1554/02-086. JSTOR 3448862. PMID 12894947. S2CID 198154155.
Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR 4122195. PMID 21665709.
Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.474. JSTOR 4123743. PMID 21653403.
"Mimulus luteus". Water Garden Plants UK. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
Cooley, Arielle M.; Willis, John H. (2009). "Genetic divergence causes parallel evolution of flower color in Chilean Mimulus". New Phytologist. 183 (3): 729–739. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02858.x. PMID 19453433.
GRIN (April 22, 2014). "Erythranthe lutea (L.) G. L. Nesom". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
Cooley, Arielle Marie (2008). Evolution of Floral Color Patterning in Chilean Mimulus. Durham. NC: Duke University. p. 37. ISBN 978-0549898689.

Mimulus luteus (Blood-drop-emlets). Online Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. 1998. Retrieved February 2, 2017.

Further reading

Edwards, S.T.; Lindley, J. (1826), The Botanical Register: Consisting of Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants Cultivated in British Gardens with Their History and Mode of Treatment plate 1030: Mimulus luteus; var. rivularis Crimsoned Mimulus; the Lowland variety