Chascolytrum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Aveneae
Subtribus: Calothecinae
Genus: Chascolytrum
Name

Chascolytrum Desv., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 190. 1810.

Type species: Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 190. 1810. – Lectotype, vide Matthei (1975), p. 67.

Synonymy

Homotypic
Cascoelytrum Desv. ex P.Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr.: 85. 1812, orth. var., pro syn.
Briza sect. Chascolytrum (Desv.) Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 3(2): 1195. 1883.
Briza subg. Chascolytrum (Desv.) Parodi, Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 3: 120. 1920.

Heterotypic
Calotheca Desv., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 190. 1810. (as Calosteca)
Type species: Calotheca brizoides (Lam.) Desv., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 190. 1810.
Rhombolytrum Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 296. 1833.
Type species: Rhombolytrum rhomboideum Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 296. 1833.
Chondrachyrum Nees in Lindl., Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 449(–450). 1836.
Type species: Chondrachyrum scabrum Nees in Lindl., Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 450. 1836.
Poidium Nees in Lindl., Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 450. 1836.
Type species: Poidium brasiliense Nees in Lindl., Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 450. 1836.
Briza sect. Calotheca (Desv.) Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 3(2): 1195. 1883.
Briza sect. Poidium (Nees) Ekman, Ark. Bot. 13(10): 56. 1913.
Briza subg. Calotheca (Desv.) Parodi, Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 3: 130. 1920.
Briza subg. Poidium (Ekman) Parodi, Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 3: 133. 1920.
Gymnachne Parodi, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 3(17): 29. 1938.
Type species: Gymnachne jaffuelii Parodi, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 3(17): 30. 1938.
Erianthecium Parodi, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 8(40): 75. 1943.
Type species: Erianthecium bulbosum Parodi, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 8(40): 77. 1943.
Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo, Darwiniana 23(1): 292. 1981.
Type species: Microbriza poomorpha (J.Presl) Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo, Darwiniana 23(1): 295. 1981.
Lombardochloa Roseng. & B.R.Arrill., Anales Fac. Quimica Montevideo 9: 260. 1979 [1982].
Type species: Lombardochloa rufa (J.Presl) Roseng. & B.R.Arrill., Anales Fac. Quimica Montevideo 9: 260. 1979 [1982].

Misapplied names
Briza sensu auct., p.p. – non Briza L., Sp. Pl. 1: 70. 1753. – Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 32. 1754.

Overview of species
Accepted species

C. altimontanum – C. ambiguum – C. bidentatum – C. brachychaete – C. brasiliense – C. brizoides – C. bulbosum – C. calotheca – C. erectum – C. itatiaiae – C. juergensii – C. koelerioides – C. lamarckianum – C. latifolium – C. monandrum – C. paleapiliferum – C. parodianum – C. poomorphum – C. rhomboideum – C. rufum – C. scabrum – C. subaristatum – C. uniolae
Source(s) of checklist:
List based on accepted species according to World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, as well as to checklists from Mesoamerica, Antioquia (Colombia), Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and southern South America (Conosur) – see references.
Names in synonymy

C. arabica – C. barbata – C. brizoidea – C. brizoides – C. bromoidea – C. cuspidata – C. dilatata – C. elegans – C. littoralis – C. macrostachya – C. massauensis – C. microstachya – C. montevidensis – C. mucronata – C. niliaca – C. poiformis – C. pungens – C. purpurascens – C. reniformis – C. repens – C. rotundata – C. sabulosa – C. stricta – C. triloba – C. barbatum – C. coarctatum – C. elegans – C. nutans – C. rotundatum – C. spicigerum – C. strictum – C. trilobum – C. scabrum – E. bulbosum – G. jaffuelii – G. koelerioides – L. rufa – M. brachychaete – M. poomorpha – P. ambiguum – P. brachychaete – P. brasiliense – P. calotheca – P. itatiaiae – P. juergensii – P. monandrum – P. poomorphum – P. rufum – P. uniolae – R. albescens – R. berteroanum – R. monandrum – R. quinquenervium – R. rhomboideum
References
Primary references

Nicora, E.G. & Rúgolo de Agrasar, Z.E. 1981. Los géneros sudamericanos afines a Briza L. (Gramineae). Darwiniana 23: 279–309. JSTOR Reference page. (as Briza p.p., Calotheca, Microbriza, Rhomboelytrum, and Poidium)

Additional references

Essi, L., Longhi-Wagner, H.M. & Souza-Chies, T.T. de. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of the Briza complex (Poaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 1018–1029. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.03.007 Reference page.
Essi, L., Longhi Wagner, H.M. & Souza Chies, T.T. de. 2011. New combinations within the Briza complex (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae). Novon 21: 326–330. DOI: 10.3417/2010026 BHL PDF Reference page.
Da Silva, L.N., Essi, L., Iganci, J.R.V. & Souza-Chies, T.T.D. 2020. Advances in the phylogeny of the South American cool-season grass genus Chascolytrum (Poaceae, Pooideae): A new infrageneric classification. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 192(1): 97-120. DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boz046 Paywall ResearchGate Reference page.
Matthei, O. 1975. Der Briza-Komplex in Südamerika: Briza, Calotheca, Chascolytrum, Poidium (Gramineae). Eine Revision. Willdenowia, Beiheft 8: 1–168. JSTOR Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2019. Chascolytrum. Published online. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Chascolytrum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 March 29. Reference page.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Chascolytrum.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Chascolytrum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2019-03-29.
Hassler, M. 2019. Chascolytrum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 March 29. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2019. Chascolytrum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Tropicos.org: Flora Mesoamericana: Chascolytrum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Chascolytrum in Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Poidium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Tropicos.org: Peru Checklist: Chascolytrum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Tropicos.org: Bolivia Catalogue: Chascolytrum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Simon, B.K., Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T., Vorontsova, M., Brake, I., Healy, D. & Alfonso, Y. 2019. GrassWorld, Chascolytrum. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 March 29.
Chascolytrum in Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed: 29 March 2019.
Chascolytrum in Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Conosur. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Accessed: 29 March 2019.

Chascolytrum is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to Latin America from Mexico to Chile (including the Juan Fernández Islands).[4][1][5][6]

Species[2]

Chascolytrum altimontanum Essi, Souza-Chies & Longhi-Wagner - Bolivia
Chascolytrum ambiguum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum bidentatum (Roseng., B.R.Arrill. & Izag.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Uruguay, southern Brazil
Chascolytrum brachychaetum (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum brasiliense (Nees) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum brizoides (Lam.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Buenos Aires, Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Biobio
Chascolytrum bulbosum (Parodi) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Uruguay, Brazil
Chascolytrum calotheca (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Colombia, Brazil , Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv. - Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
Chascolytrum itatiaiae (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum juergensii (Hack.) Essi, Souza-Chies & Longhi-Wagner - southern Brazil , Colombia
Chascolytrum koelerioides (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Chile
Chascolytrum lamarckianum (Nees) Matthei - Brazil , Uruguay, Argentina
Chascolytrum latifolium Essi, Souza-Chies & Longhi-Wagner - southeastern Brazil
Chascolytrum monandrum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil , Argentina
Chascolytrum paleapiliferum (Parodi) Matthei - northern Argentina
Chascolytrum parodianum (Roseng., B.R.Arrill. & Izag.) Matthei - southern Brazil , Uruguay
Chascolytrum poimorphum (J.Presl) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum rhomboideum (Link) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Chile
Chascolytrum rufum J.Presl in C.B.Presl - Brazil , Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina; naturalised in New Zealand
Chascolytrum scabrum (Nees ex Steud.) Matthei - southern Brazil
Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv. - Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Chile (including the Juan Fernández Islands), Argentina, Paraguay, southern Brazil, Uruguay; naturalised in Cape Province and in New South Wales
Chascolytrum uniolae (Nees) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies - Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, southern Brazil , Uruguay; naturalised in Puerto Rico

formerly included[2]

see Neesiochloa

Chascolytrum barbatum - Neesiochloa barbata