Canna flaccida

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Zingiberales

Familia: Cannaceae
Genus: Canna
Species: Canna flaccida
Name

Canna flaccida Salisb., 1791.
Synonyms

Homotypic

Canna glauca var. flaccida (Salisb.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1: 4 (1797).
Eurystylus flaccidus (Salisb.) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 485. 1845.

Heterotypic

Canna flaccida Roscoe, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 339. 1807), nom. illeg.
Canna flava Michx. ex Lam., J. Hist. Nat. 1: 416. 1792), nom. subnud.
Canna glauca var. flava (Michx. ex Lam.) Willd., Sp. Pl. 1: 4. 1797.
Canna reevesii Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 2004. 1837.
Eurystylus reevesii (Lindl.) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 485. 1845.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
Alabama; Florida; Georgia; Louisiana; Mexico Central; Mexico Gulf; Mexico Northeast; Mexico Southwest; South Carolina; Texas

Canna flaccida, John Lindley

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Salisbury, R.A. 1791. Icones Stirpium Rariorum Descriptionibus Illustratae... 3, t. 2. 1791 (W. Roscoe, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 8:339.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Canna flaccida in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Aug. 10. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Canna flaccida. Published online. Accessed: Aug. 10 2019.
Tropicos.org 2019. Canna flaccida. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 10 Aug. 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Canna flaccida in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
English: bandanna of the Everglades

Canna flaccida is a species of the Canna genus, a member of the family Cannaceae. The species is indigenous to the wetlands of the south-central and south-eastern United States from Texas to South Carolina. It is also reportedly naturalized in India, the Philippines, Mexico, Panama, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru and southern Brazil.[2]

Canna flaccidawas a parent to many of the early-hybridised cannas originally known as orchid flowered cannas, but now correctly named as Italian Group cannas. It grows well as a water canna. Originally described by the early American explorer, William Bartram, when he found these plants blooming near the rivers of coastal Georgia. The seed floats down the rivers and becomes easily established on shorelines. Introduced to England in 1788.[3]

Canna flaccidais a perennial growing to 1.5m. It is hardy to zone 10 and is frost tender. In the north latitudes it is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen in October. The flowers are hermaphrodite.[4]

Taxonomy

In the last three decades of the 20th century, Canna species have been categorised by two different taxonomists, Paulus Johannes Maria Maas from the Netherlands and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan. In this case both agree that C. flaccida is a distinct species, and the DNA work by Prince and Kress at the Smithsonian Institution confirms its uniqueness.[5][6]
Description

Canna flaccida is aquatic species, with narrow, blue-green (glaucous) leaves, very pretty, large, lightly perfumed, canary yellow flowers growing in clusters at the tops of long stalks. The lip of the flower is wavy. Flowers emerge in the evening and wither in the heat of the following day, the only member of the genus that behaves in this manner, all others open early in the morning and are strong enough to survive at least one day. It grows as a marginal plant in up to about 15 cm of still or slow-moving water.[7]
See also

Canna
List of Canna species
List of Canna cultivars

References

Kew World Checklist
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Canna flaccida
Johnson's Gardeners Dictionary, 1856
Cooke, Ian, 2001. The Gardener's Guide to Growing cannas, Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-513-6
Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
"PRINCE, LINDA M.* and W. JOHN KRESS. Smithsonian Institution, NMNH - Botany, MRC-166, Washington, DC 20560-0166. - Species boundaries in Canna (Cannaceae): evidence from nuclear ITS DNA sequence data". Archived from the original on 2007-03-12. Retrieved 2006-09-19.
Flora of North America v 22, Canna flaccida