Bothriochloa

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Andropogoneae
Subtribus: Anthistiriinae
Genus: Bothriochloa
Accepted species: B. alta – B. barbinodis – B. biloba – B. bladhii – B. brasiliensis – B. bunyensis – B. campii – B. caucasica – B. compressa – B. decipiens – B. edwardsiana – B. ensiformis – B. erianthoides – B. eurylemma – B. ewartiana – B. exaristata – B. glabra – B. grahamii – B. hirtifolia – B. hybrida – B. imperatoides – B. insculpta – B. ischaemum – B. kuntzeana – B. laguroides – B. longifolia – B. longipaniculata – B. macra – B. meridionalis – B. modesta – B. pertusa – B. pseudoischaemum – B. radicans – B. saccharoides – B. springfieldii – B. velutina – B. woodrovii – B. wrightii

Synonymy and Unresolved names: B. assimilis – B. concanensis – B. curtipendula – B. eriantholdes – B. foulkesii – B. gracilis – B. jainii – B. kwashotensis – B. parviflora – B. pauciflora – B. picta – B. spicigera – B. tuberculata – B. venusta – B. yunnanensis
Name

Bothriochloa Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 762 (1891)

Type species: Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 80: 62 (1969)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Amphilophis Nash in N.L.Britton, Man. Fl. N. States: 71 (1901).
Andropogon sect. Amphilophis Trin.
Andropogon subg. Amphilophis (Trin.) Hack.
Dichanthium sect. Bothriochloa (Kuntze) Roberty
Gymnandropogon (Nees) Duthie in Atkinson

References

Kuntze, C.E.O. (1891) Revisio Generum Plantarum 2: 762.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2013. Bothriochloa in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Oct. 31. Reference page.
Simon, B.K., Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T., Vorontsova, M., Brake, I., Healy, D. & Alfonso, Y. 2013. GrassWorld, Bothriochloa. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Oct. 31.
Tropicos.org 2013. Bothriochloa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Oct. 31.
International Plant Names Index. 2013. Bothriochloa. Published online. Accessed: 31 Oct. 2013.

Bothriochloa is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands.[4] They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem.[5][6]

The etymology of the genus name Bothriochloa derives from the two ancient Greek words βοθρίον (bothríon), meaning "small pit or trench", and χλόη or χλόα (khlóa), meaning "new green shoot or blade of grass".[7][8][9]

Systematics
Species list

The following species are recognised:[3]

Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard – tall beardgrass – Americas from New Mexico to Argentina
Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter– cane bluestem – USA (CO MO OK AZ CA NV UT TX NM FL SC), Mexico, El Salvador, South America (from Colombia to Paraguay)
Bothriochloa biloba S.T.Blake – Queensland, New South Wales
Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake – Asia (Yemen to Caucasus to Japan to Maluku), Australia, New Guinea, Africa, Madagascar
Bothriochloa bunyensis B.K.Simon – Queensland
Bothriochloa campii (Swallen) De Wet – Ecuador
Bothriochloa compressa (Hook.f.) Henrard – India, Lesser Sunda Islands
Bothriochloa decipiens (Hack.) C.E.Hubb. – Australia
Bothriochloa edwardsiana (Gould) Parodi – Mexico, Texas, Argentina, Uruguay
Bothriochloa ensiformis (Hook.f.) Henrard – India
Bothriochloa erianthoides (F.Muell.) C.E.Hubb. – Queensland, New South Wales
Bothriochloa eurylemma M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Argentina (Entre Ríos, Chaco, Formosa, Tucumán, Salta)
Bothriochloa ewartiana (Domin) C.E.Hubb. – Australia, Philippines, Lesser Sunda Islands
Bothriochloa exaristata (Nash) Henrard – awnless beardgrass – southern Brazil, northern Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, USA (TX LA)
Bothriochloa grahamii (Haines) Bor – India
Bothriochloa hirtifolia (J.Presl) Henrard – Mexico, Guatemala
Bothriochloa hybrida (Gould) Gould – USA (TX LA), Mexico (from Chihuahua to Oaxaca)
Bothriochloa imperatoides (Lillo) Herter – Rio Grande do Sul, northern Argentina, Uruguay
Bothriochloa insculpta (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) A.Camus – sweetpitted grass – Africa, Madagascar, India, Arabian Peninsula, Spain, Sicily
Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng – yellow bluestem – Eurasia + North Africa from Portugal + Canary Islands to Korea
Bothriochloa kuntzeana (Hack.) Henrard – India, Nepal
Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter – silver bluestem – Americas from Mexico to Chile
Bothriochloa longifolia (Hack.) Bor – India
Bothriochloa longipaniculata (Gould) Allred & Gould – longspike beardgrass – Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina), Argentina (Corrientes, Chaco, Formosa, Misiones), Paraguay, Guatemala, Mexico, USA (TX LA MS)
Bothriochloa macra (Steud.) S.T.Blake – red – leg grass, red grass, redleg or pitted beard grass – Australia
Bothriochloa meridionalis M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Rio Grande do Sul
Bothriochloa modesta (Backer) Backer & Henrard – Java, Lesser Sunda Islands
Bothriochloa pertusa (L.) A.Camus – pitted beardgrass – China, India, Southeast Asia, Australia, islands of Indian Ocean + western Pacific
Bothriochloa pseudischaemum (Nees ex Steud.) Henrard – India, Sri Lanka
Bothriochloa radicans (Lehm.) A.Camus – eastern + southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula
Bothriochloa saccharoides Rydb. – Americas from Utah to Uruguay
Bothriochloa springfieldii (Gould) Parodi – USA (CO AZ UT TX NM LA), Mexico, Bolivia, Argentina
Bothriochloa torreyana (Steud.) Scrivanti & Anton – southern USA (from CA to SC), Mexico, Central America, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay
Bothriochloa velutina M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Paraná, Santa Catarina
Bothriochloa woodrovii (Hook.f.) A.Camus – India
Bothriochloa wrightii (Hack.) Henrard – Mexico, USA (TX NM AZ)

Former taxa

See Capillipedium, Dichanthium, Euclasta, Hemisorghum and Pseudosorghum.

The following taxa were formerly included in the genus:[3]

Bothriochloa assimilis – Capillipedium assimile
Bothriochloa concanensis – Dichanthium concanense
Bothriochloa foulkesii – Dichanthium foulkesii
Bothriochloa gracilis – Pseudosorghum fasciculare
Bothriochloa kwashotensis – Capillipedium kwashotense
Bothriochloa parviflora – Capillipedium parviflorum
Bothriochloa picta – Capillipedium assimile
Bothriochloa piptanthera – Euclasta condylotricha
Bothriochloa spicigera – Capillipedium spicigerum
Bothriochloa tuberculata – Dichanthium annulatum
Bothriochloa venusta – Hemisorghum venustum
Bothriochloa yunnanensis – Pseudosorghum fasciculare