Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Bivalvia
Subclassis: Heterodonta
Ordo: Veneroida
Superfamilia: Mactroidea
Familia: Mactridae
Subfamilia: Mactrinae
Genus: Spisula
Species:
S. adamsi – S. austini – S. brombachensis – S. crassitesta – S. discors – S. elliptica – S. murchisoni – S. raveneli – S. sachalinensis – S. solida – S. solidissima – S. subtruncata – S. trigonella – †S. voyi
Name
Spisula Gray, 1837
Type Species: Cardium solidum Linnaeus, 1758 = Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
type by subsequent designation
Synonyms
Hemimactra Swainson, 1840
Notospisula Iredale, 1930
Spisula (Hemimactra) Swainson, 1840· accepted
Spisula (Notospisula) Iredale, 1930
†Spisula (Ruellia) Cossmann, 1913 accepted
Spisula (Spisula) Gray, 1837· accepted
Spisula (Spisulona) Marwick, 1948· accepted
Spisulina P. Fischer, 1887
†Spisulona Marwick, 1948
References
Primary references
Gray, J.E. 1837. A synoptical catalogue of the species of certain tribes or genera of shells contained in the collection of the British Museum and the author's cabinet. Magazine of natural history and Journal of zoology, botany, mineralogy, geology, and meteorology. N.S. 1: 370–376. BHL Reference page. : 372-374, 370
Links
MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138159 on 2020-11-13
Spisula is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. [1]
Species
Species in the genus Spisula include:
Spisula adamsi Olsson, 1961
Spisula austini Lamprell & Whitehead, 1990
†Spisula bernayi (Cossmann, 1886)
† Spisula brombachensis S. Schneider & Mandic, 2014
† Spisula couttsi Marwick, 1948
† Spisula crassitesta (Finlay, 1927)
Spisula discors (Gray, 1837)
Spisula elliptica (T. Brown, 1827)
Spisula murchisoni (Reeve, 1854)
Spisula raveneli (Conrad, 1832)
Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck, 1862)
Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
Spisula solidissima (Dillwyn, 1817) – Atlantic surfclam
Spisula subtruncata (da Costa, 1778)
Spisula trigonella (Lamarck, 1818)
† Spisula voyi (Gabb, 1866)
Synonyms
Spisula adelaidae Angas, 1865: synonym of Anapella cycladea (Lamarck, 1818)
Spisula aequilateralis (Deshayes, 1854) – Triangle shell: synonym of Crassula aequilatera (Reeve, 1854)
Spisula alaskana Dall, 1921: synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
Spisula aspersa (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of Oxyperas aspersa (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of Oxyperas aspersum'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
Spisula belliana W. R. B. Oliver, 1915: synonym of Oxyperas belliana (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915): synonym of Oxyperas bellianum (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915)
Spisula bernardi Pilsbry, 1904: synonym of Oxyperas bernardi (Pilsbry, 1904)
Spisula camaronis Dall, 1921: synonym of Mactromeris hemphillii (Dall, 1894)
Spisula catilliformis Conrad, 1867: synonym of Mactromeris catilliformis (Conrad, 1867)
Spisula cretacea Angas, 1868: synonym of Spisula trigonella (Lamarck, 1818)
Spisula dolabriformis Conrad, 1867: synonym of Simomactra dolabriformis (Conrad, 1867) (original combination)
Spisula fragilis Gray, 1837: synonym of Standella pellucida (Gmelin, 1791)
Spisula hemphillii (Dall, 1894): synonym of Mactromeris hemphillii (Dall, 1894)
Spisula isabelleana (d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of Mactra isabelleana d'Orbigny, 1846
Spisula lamarckii Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia rugosa (Helbling, 1779)
Spisula lentiginosa Gould, 1852: synonym of Oxyperas lentiginosa (Gould, 1852): synonym of Oxyperas lentiginosum (Gould, 1852)
Spisula longa Dall, 1921: synonym of Tresus nuttallii (Conrad, 1837)
Spisula marplatensis (Doello-Jurado, 1949): synonym of Mactra marplatensis Doello-Jurado, 1949
Spisula ovalis (J. Sowerby, 1817) : synonym of Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
Spisula ovata Gray, 1843: synonym of Cyclomactra ovata (Gray, 1843)
Spisula petitii (d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of Mactra petitii d'Orbigny, 1846
Spisula polynyma (Stimpson, 1860): synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
Spisula producta Angas, 1868: synonym of Spisula trigonella (Lamarck, 1818)
Spisula richmondi (Dall, 1894): synonym of Mactra petitii d'Orbigny, 1846
Spisula sayii Gray, 1837: synonym of Spisula raveneli (Conrad, 1832)
Spisula solanderi J.E. Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia solanderi (J. E. Gray, 1837)
Spisula strongi T. A. Burch, 1945: synonym of Simomactra planulata (Conrad, 1837)
Spisula triangula (Brocchi, 1814): synonym of Spisula subtruncata (da Costa, 1778)
Spisula vladivostokensis Bartsch, 1929: synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
Spisula voji [sic]: synonym of † Spisula voyi (Gabb, 1866)
Spisula williamsi (Berry, 1960): synonym of Spisula adamsi Olsson, 1961
References
MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138159 on 2022-06-20
"Spisula". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Marwick J. (1948). Lower Pliocene Mollusca from Otahuhu, Auckland. New Zealand Geological Survey Palaeontological Bulletin. 16: 38 pp., 8 pl.
Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp
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