Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: Euthyneura
Cohors: Tectipleura
Subcohors: Panpulmonata
SuperOrdo: Eupulmonata
Ordo: Stylommatophora
SubOrdo: Helicina
InfraOrdo: Pupilloidei
Superfamilia: Pupilloidea
Familia: Partulidae
Genera (5): Eua – Palaopartula – Partula – Samoana – Sphendone
Name
Partulidae Pilsbry, 1900
References
Pilsbry, H.A. 1900. On the zoological position of Partula and Achatinella. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 52: 564 Reference page.
Schileyko, A.A. 1999. Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3: Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae. Ruthenica (Suppl. 2): 263. Reference page.
Slapcinsky, J. & Kraus, F. 2016. Revision of Partulidae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) of Palau, with description of a new genus for an unusual ground-dwelling species. ZooKeys 614: 27–49. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.614.8807 Reference page.
Links
Partulidae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Partulidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.[1]
The family is endemic to Pacific islands.[2][3][4]
Genera
The Partulidae are divided into five genera:[4][5]
Eua has four species, confined to Tonga and Samoa.
Palaopartula Pilsbry, 1909- has three species, restricted to the Palau.
Partula Pilsbry, 1909 - has about 100 species, distributed from New Guinea to the Society Islands.
Samoana Pilsbry, 1909 - has about 23 species, distributed in Polynesia and the Mariana Islands.
Sphendone has a single species from the Palau.
This cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of genera in the family Partulidae:[4][6]
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Synonyms
Aega Hartman, 1881: synonym of Samoana (Marquesana) Pilsbry, 1909 represented as Samoana Pilsbry, 1909
Astraea Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Clytia Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Echo Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula (Leptopartula) Pilsbry, 1909: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Evadne Hartman, 1881: synonym of Samoana Pilsbry, 1909
Harmonia Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula (Marianella) Pilsbry, 1909: synonym of v
Helena Hartman, 1881: synonym ofPartula A. Férussac, 1821
Latia Hartman, 1881: synonym of Samoana (Marquesana) Pilsbry, 1909 represented as Samoana Pilsbry, 1909 (unavailable; a junior homonym of Latia Gray, 1850 [Latiidae])
Marianna Pilsbry, 1909: synonym of Partula (Marianella) Pilsbry, 1909: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Matata Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Nenia Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Oenone Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Pasithea Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821(junior synonym)
Rennellia Clench, 1941: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821 (junior synonym)
Scilistylus Iredale, 1941: synonym ofPartula A. Férussac, 1821
Sterope Hartman, 1881: synonym of Partula (Melanesica) Pilsbry, 1909: synonym of Partula A. Férussac, 1821
Anatomy
Partula gibba
Partula langfordi
Samoana fragilis
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).[7]
Significance
The Partulidae represent a significant species radiation and were important in the development of modern evolutionary studies through the work of Henry Crampton in the early 20th century and later by Bryan Clarke, James Murray and Michael Johnson.
Status
Most Partulidae species have declined since 1974 and a very large proportion are extinct. The main threat to their survival has been the introduction of the predatory snail Euglandina rosea.[4]
References
MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Partulidae Pilsbry, 1900. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=162663 on 2021-12-12
Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed at http://animaldiversity.org.
ITIS Standard Report Page: Partulidae
Gerlach, J. (2016) Icons of Evolution - Pacific island tree snails, family Partulidae. Phelsuma Press, Cambridge
Cowie, R.H. (1992). Evolution and Extinction of Partulidae, Endemic Pacific Island Land Snails. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, Vol. 335, No. 1274 (Feb. 29, 1992), pp. 167-191.
Lee T., Burch J. B., Coote T., Pearce-Kelly P., Hickman C., Meyer J.-Y. & Foighil D. O. (18 August 2009). "Moorean tree snail survival revisited: a multi-island genealogical perspective". BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 204. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-204
Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
Gerlach J. (2016). Icons of evolution: Pacific Island tree-snails of the family Partulidae. Phelsuma Press. ISBN 978-0-99322-033-3
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