Olividae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Caenogastropoda
Ordo: Neogastropoda
Superfamilia: Olivoidea

Familia: Olividae
Subfamiliae (5): Agaroniinae – Calyptolivinae – Olivancillariinae – Olivellinae – Olivinae

Genera Incertae sedis (3†): †Lamprodomina – †Spirancilla – †Torqueoliva
Overview of genera (12 + 3†)

Agaronia – Americoliva – Calyptoliva – Cupidoliva – Felicioliva – Miniaceoliva – Oliva – Olivancillaria – Olivella – Omogymna – Recourtoliva – Vullietoliva – †Lamprodomina – †Spirancilla – †Torqueoliva
Name

Olividae Latreille, 1825

Type Genus: Oliva Bruguière, 1789

References

Latreille, P.A. 1825. Familles naturelles du règne animal exposée succinctemet et dans un ordre analytique, avec l'indication de leurs genres. Paris: Ballière. 570 p.
Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1–397.
2011: Zootaxa, 2889: 1–34. Preview
Olividae in the World Register of Marine Species

Links

Olividae in the World Register of Marine Species

Olive snails, also known as olive shells and olives, scientific name Olividae, are a taxonomic family of medium to large predatory sea snails with smooth, shiny, elongated oval-shaped shells.[1]

The shells often show various muted but attractive colors, and may be patterned also. They are marine gastropod molluscs in the family Olividae within the main clade Neogastropoda.
Taxonomy

According to the Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod Families (2017)[2] the family Olividae consists of five subfamilies:[3]

Olivinae Latreille, 1825 – synonyms: Dactylidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (inv.);
Agaroniinae Olsson, 1956
Calyptolivinae Kantor, Fedosov, Puillandre, Bonillo & Bouchet, 2017
Olivancillariinae Golikov & Starobogatov, 1975
Olivellinae Troschel, 1869

Distribution

Olive snails are found worldwide, in subtropical and tropical seas and oceans.
Habitat

These snails are found on sandy substrates intertidally and subtidally.
Life habits

The olive snails are all carnivorous sand-burrowers. They feed mostly on bivalves and carrion and are known as some of the fastest burrowers among snails. They secrete a mucus similar to that of the Muricidae, from which a purple dye can be made.
Shell description

Physically the shells are oval and cylindrical in shape. They have a well-developed stepped spire. Olive shells have a siphonal notch at the posterior end of the long narrow aperture. The siphon of the living animal protrudes from the siphon notch.

The shell surface is extremely glossy because in life the mantle almost always covers the shell.[4][5]
The fossil record

Olive shells first appeared during the Campanian.[6]
Human use

Olive shells are popular with shell collectors, and are also often made into jewelry and other decorative items.

The shell of the lettered olive, Oliva sayana, is the state shell of South Carolina in the United States.
Genera

Genera within the family Olividae include:

Agaronia Gray, 1839
Americoliva Petuch, 2013 (synonym of Oliva)
Callianax H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 [7]
Calyptoliva Kantor & Bouchet, 2007
Cupidoliva Iredale, 1924
Felicioliva Petuch & Berschauer, 2017
† Lamprodomina Marwick, 1931
Miniaceoliva Petuch & Sargent, 1986
Oliva Bruguière, 1789
Olivancillaria d'Orbigny, 1840
Omogymna Martens, 1897
† Pseudolivella Glibert, 1960
Recourtoliva Petuch & Berschauer, 2017
† Spirancilla H. E. Vokes, 1936
†Torqueoliva Landau, da Silva & Heitz, 2016
Uzamakiella Habe, 1958
Vullietoliva Petuch & Berschauer, 2017

Genera brought into synonymy

Chilotygma H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Ancilla Lamarck, 1799
Hiatula Swainson, 1831: synonym of Agaronia Gray, 1839
Lintricula H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Olivancillaria d'Orbigny, 1840
Porphyria Röding, 1798 : synonym of Oliva Bruguière, 1789
Scaphula Swainson, 1840: synonym of Olivancillaria d'Orbigny, 1840

Lettered olive, Oliva sayana
See also

Olivella This genus has now been moved to the Olivellidae according to the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi.

References

Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2012). Olividae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=23082 on 2012-06-11
Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Kaim, Andrzej; Kano, Yasunori; Nützel, Alexander; Parkhaev, Pavel; Schrödl, Michael; Strong, Ellen E. (2017). "Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families". Malacologia. 61 (1–2): 1–526. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201. ISSN 0076-2997.
"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Olividae Latreille, 1825". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum (2001). Family: Olividae (Olive Shells). Retrieved on 12 July 2006.
Vermeij, Geerat J (3 April 1995). A Natural History of Shells. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00167-7. pps. 89, 100, 114.
Vermeij, Geerat J (1 September 1993). Evolution and Escalation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00080-8. p.182.

Charles L. Powell II, Fred Vervaet and David Berschauer, A taxonomic review of California Holocene Callianax (Olivellidae. Gastropoda. Mollusca) based on shell characters; The Festivus March 2020, special issue