Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Caenogastropoda
Ordo: Neogastropoda
Superfamiliae (7 + 1†): Buccinoidea – Conoidea – Mitroidea – Muricoidea – Olivoidea – Turbinelloidea – Volutoidea – †Pholidotomoidea
Familiae incertae sedis (6 + 6†): Babyloniidae – Cystiscidae – Granulinidae – Harpidae – Marginellidae – Strepsiduridae – †Johnwyattiidae – †Perissityidae – †Pseudotritoniidae – †Purpurinidae – †Speightiidae – †Taiomidae
Genera Incertae sedis (5†): †Amplosipho – †Andoniopsis – †Coptosipho – †Pseudoandonia – †Syphopsis
Name
Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938
References
Primary references
Wenz, W. 1938–1944. Gastropoda. in Schindewolf, O.H. (ed.). Handbuch der Paläzooloigie. Band 6, Teil 1–7. Berlin: Borntraeger. xii + 1639 pp. Reference page.
Additional references
Kantor, Y.I. 1996. Phylogeny and Relationships of Neogastropoda. pp. 221–230 in Taylor, J.D. (ed.). Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 408 p. ISBN 978-0198549802
Cunha, R.L., Grande, C. & Zardoya, R. 2009. Neogastropod phylogenetic relationships based on entire mitochondrial genomes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 210. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-210
Bandel, K. & Dockery III, D.T. 2012. Protoconch characters of Late Cretaceous Latrogastropoda (Neogastropoda and Neomesogastropoda) as an aid in the reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Neogastropoda. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 542: 93–128.
Links
Neogastropoda in the World Register of Marine Species
Neogastropoda is an order of sea snails, both freshwater and marine gastropod molluscs.[1][2]
Description
Two neogastropods in the picture. Brunneifusus ternatanus (left) Murex trapa (right) in captivity.
The available fossil record of Neogastropoda is relatively complete, and supports a widely accepted evolutionary scenario of an Early Cretaceous origin of the group followed by two rapid diversification rounds in the late Cretaceous and the Paleocene.[3]
These sea snails have only one auricle, one kidney and one monopectinate gill, i.e. the gill filaments develop on only one side of the central axis.[4]
The shell has a well-developed siphonal canal. The elongated trunk-like siphon is an extensible tube, formed from a fold in the mantle. It is used to suck water into the mantle cavity. At the base of the siphon is the bipectinate (branching from a central axis) osphradium, a sensory receptacle and olfactory organ, that is more developed than the one in the Mesogastropoda. They achieved important morphological changes including e.g., the elongation of the siphonal canal, a shift in the mouth opening to a terminal position on the head, and the formation of a well-developed proboscis.[3]
The nervous system is very concentrated. Many species have the ganglia in a compact space.
The rachiglossate (rasp-like) radula, a layer of serially arranged teeth within the mouth, has only three denticles (small teeth) in each transverse row.[4]
The Neogastropoda have separate sexes.
There are about 16,000 species. Neogastropoda includes many well-known gastropods including the cone snails, conchs, mud snails, olive snails, oyster drills, tulip shells, and whelks. The Neogastropoda all live in the sea, except Clea, and Rivomarginella that are freshwater genera. The neogastropods are most diverse in tropical seas.[3] They are mostly predators, but some are saprophagous (scavengers).
Taxonomy
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the clade Neogastropoda consists of these superfamilies:
Buccinoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Conoidea Fleming, 1822
Cancellarioidea Forbes & Hanley, 1851: since 2017 treated as the superfamily Volutoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Mitroidea Swainson, 1831 : added in 2017 [5]
Muricoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Olivoidea Latreille, 1825
† Pholidotomoidea [nl] Cossmann, 1896
Pseudolivoidea (de Gregorio, 1880): since 2017 treated as a synonym of the superfamily Olivoidea Latreille, 1825
Turbinelloidea Rafinesque, 1815
Volutoidea Rafinesque, 1815
When Neogastropoda was an order, it was placed within the prosobranch gastropods according to the taxonomy developed by Thiele (1921). The families which used to form the order Neogastropoda are now included in the clade Neogastropoda Cox, 1960.
Ever since Thiele (1929),[6] Neogastropoda have been considered a natural group, clearly differentiated from other Caenogastropoda.[3] The monophyly of the group is widely accepted among morphologists, and it is based on several synapomorphies mostly related with the anatomy of the digestive system.[3] Current classifications of Neogastropoda generally recognize up to six superfamilies: Buccinoidea, Muricoidea, Olivoidea, Pseudolivoidea, Conoidea, and Cancellarioidea. Phylogenetic relationships among neogastropod superfamilies based on morphological characters are rather unstable, and for instance, Cancellarioidea[7] or Buccinoidea[8] have been alternatively proposed as the sister group of the remaining Neogastropoda.[3]
Families
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the taxonomy of clade Neogastropoda is as follows:
Unassigned to a superfamily
† Family Johnwyattiidae
† Family Perissityidae
† Family Sarganidae
† Family Speightiidae
† Family Taiomidae
† Family Weeksiidae
Superfamily Buccinoidea
Family Belomitridae Kantor, Puillandre, Rivasseau & Bouchet, 2012
Family Buccinidae
Family Busyconidae Wade, 1917 (1867)
Family Colubrariidae
Family Columbellidae
† Family Echinofulguridae [nl] Petuch, 1994
Family Fasciolariidae
Family Melongenidae
Family Nassariidae
Superfamily Mitroidea Swainson, 1831
Family Charitodoronidae Fedosov, Herrmann, Kantor & Bouchet, 2018
Family Mitridae
Family Pyramimitridae Cossmann, 1901
Superfamily Muricoidea
Family Muricidae
Family Babyloniidae
Family Costellariidae
Family Cystiscidae
Family Harpidae
Family Marginellidae
† Family Pholidotomidae
Family Pleioptygmatidae
Family Strepsiduridae
Family Turbinellidae
Family Volutidae
Family Volutomitridae
Superfamily Olivoidea
Family Olividae
Family Olivellidae
Superfamily Pseudolivoidea: since 2017 treated as a synonym of the superfamily Olivoidea Latreille, 1825
Family Pseudolividae
Family Ptychatractidae
Superfamily Conoidea
Family Conidae
Family Clavatulidae
Family Drilliidae
Family Pseudomelatomidae
Family Strictispiridae
Family Terebridae
Family Turridae
Superfamily Cancellarioidea: since 2017 treated as the superfamily Volutoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Family Cancellariidae
References
This article incorporates CC BY 2.0 text from the reference.[3]
"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Neogastropoda". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
"Neogastropoda". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
Cunha R. L., Grande C. & Zardoya R. (23 August 2009). "Neogastropod phylogenetic relationships based on entire mitochondrial genomes". BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009, 9: 210. 10.1186/1471-2148-9-210
Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 376. ISBN 978-0-03-056747-6.
Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526
Thiele J. (1929). Handbuch der Systematischen Weichtierkunde Volume 1 (1) (Loricata; Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Jena, 376 pp. In: (23 October 1929). Reprint, Asher & Co., Amsterdam, 1963; translation by J.S. Bhatti Edited by: R. Bieler & P. Mikkelsen, Smithsonian Libraries, 1993.
Kantor YI. (1996). Phylogeny and Relationships of Neogastropoda. In: Taylor J. D. (ed.) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 221-230.
Ponder W. F., Colgan D. J., Healy J. M., Nützel A., Simone L. R. L. & Strong E. (2008). Caenogastropoda. In: Ponder W. F., Lindberg D. R. Phylogeny and evolution of the Mollusca. Berkeley, University of California Press, 331-383.
Bandel, K. & Dockery, D.T. III (2012): Protoconch characters of Late Cretaceous Latrogastropoda (Neogastropoda and Neomesogastropoda) as an aid in the reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Neogastropoda. – Freiberger Forschungshefte, C 542 psf (20): 93-128, pls. 1-5.
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