Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: "Lower Heterobranchia"
Superfamiliae (8): Architectonicoidea – Cimoidea – Mathildoidea – Murchisonelloidea – Omalogyroidea – Orbitestelloidea – Rhodopoidea – Valvatoidea
Name
Lower Heterobranchia (Temporary WoRMS designation)
References
Links
Lower Heterobranchia in the World Register of Marine Species
Lower Heterobranchia, also known as the Allogastropoda, is a group of rather specialized, highly evolved sea slugs and sea snails, (marine gastropod mollusks) within the subclass Heterobranchia. [1]
Although the great majority of Lower Heterobranchs are indeed marine, a few have succeeded in making the transition to freshwater.
Description
The shell shapes in this group are typically those that are seen in the sundial, pyramid, rissoella and orbitestellid families of snails.[2]
Bactroptyxis trachaea, family Nerineidae, superfamily Nerineoidea.
Valvata piscinalis, family Valvatidae, superfamily Valvatoidea.
Taxonomy
2005 taxonomy
In the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005,[3] the Lower Heterobranchia is an Informal Group. Superfamilies within the Lower Heterobranchia include:
Unassigned to a superfamily (orbitestellid-shells)
Family Cimidae
† Family Dolomitellidae
† Family Heterosubulitidae
† Family Kuskokwimiidae
† Family Misurinellidae
Family Orbitestellidae
Family Tjaernoeiidae
Family Xylodisculidae
superfamily Acteonoidea
superfamily Architectonicoidea
superfamily Glacidorboidea
superfamily Mathildoidea
† superfamily Nerineoidea
superfamily Omalogyroidea
superfamily Pyramidelloidea
superfamily Ringiculoidea
superfamily Rissoelloidea
† superfamily Streptacidoidea
superfamily Valvatoidea
(Taxa that are exclusively fossil are indicated with a dagger †)
For a more detailed taxonomy see: Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)#Informal group "Lower Heterobranchia" (= Allogastropoda)
2010 taxonomy
Jörger et al. (2010)[4] have redefined major groups within the Heterobranchia: they moved Glacidorboidea and Pyramidelloidea to Panpulmonata.[4]
2014 taxonomy
Wägele et al. (2014):[5] moved Rissoelloidea and Acteonoidea from Lower Heterobranchia to Euthyneura.
2016 taxonomy
Kano et al. (2016):[6] moved Ringiculoidea from Lower Heterobranchia to Euthyneura.
So the following taxa remain within the Lower Heterobranchia:
Unassigned to a superfamily (orbitestellid-shells)
Family Cimidae
† Family Dolomitellidae
† Family Heterosubulitidae
† Family Kuskokwimiidae
† Family Misurinellidae
Family Orbitestellidae
Family Tjaernoeiidae
Family Xylodisculidae
superfamily Architectonicoidea
superfamily Mathildoidea
† superfamily Nerineoidea
superfamily Omalogyroidea
† superfamily Streptacidoidea
superfamily Valvatoidea
References
WoRMS (2020). "Lower Heterobranchia". Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1054700 on 2020-05-16
http://www.molluscsoftasmania.net/Subclass%20pages/Heterobranchia.html
Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
Jörger K. M., Stöger I., Kano Y., Fukuda H., Knebelsberger T. & Schrödl M. (2010). "On the origin of Acochlidia and other enigmatic euthyneuran gastropods, with implications for the systematics of Heterobranchia". BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 323. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-323.
Wägele H., Klussmann-Kolb A., Verbeek E. & Schrödl M. (2014). "Flashback and foreshadowing—a review of the taxon Opisthobranchia". Organisms Diversity & Evolution 14(1): 133–149. doi:10.1007/s13127-013-0151-5
Kano, Yasunori; Brenzinger, Bastian; Nützel, Alexander; Wilson, Nerida G.; Schrödl, Michael (2016-08-08). "Ringiculid bubble snails recovered as the sister group to sea slugs (Nudipleura)". Scientific Reports. 6: 30908. doi:10.1038/srep30908. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4976385. PMID 27498754.
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