Pomacanthus annularis

Pomacanthus annularis

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea

Familia: Pomacanthidae
Genus: Pomacanthus
Species: Pomacanthus annularis
Name

Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787)
Synonyms

Chaetodon annularis Bloch, 1787

References

Bloch, M.E. 1787: Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. Berlin. Naturgeschichte der Ausländischen Fische. v. 3: i-xii + 1-146, Pls. 181-216.

Vernacular names
English: Bluering Angelfish
magyar: Kék császárhal
ไทย: ปลาสินสมุทรวงฟ้า

The bluering angelfish (Pomacanthus annularis), also known as the annularis angelfish and the blue king angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae.[3] It is member of the genus Pomacanthus, composed of large marine angelfish. [4]
Distribution

The bluering angelfish can be found in the Indo-West Pacific oceans from East Africa, throughout Indonesia and New Guinea to New Caledonia, north to southern Japan. [5]
Habitat

Bluering angelfishes inhabit coastal rocky coral reefs and may be also encountered in caves or on wrecks, at depths of 3–30 m (9.8–98.4 ft).[5][6][1]
Description
In Prague Sea aquarium

Bluering angelfish have adults which are mainly yellow with the body marked with obvious arcing blue lines and a blue circle shaped mark above the operculum. They frequently have an elongated tip to the dorsal fin and they have a white caudal fin with a yellow margin.[7] They also have a pair of blue stripes across the face, one runs through the eye and the second is situated immediately beneath the eye.[8] The juveniles have a bluish-black overall colour with thin white to blue coloured curved lines on their body.[7] The dorsal fin has 13 spines and 20-21 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 20 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of 45 cm (18 in).[5]
Biology and behavior

Bluering angelfishes are frequently encountered in pairs. Similarly to other species of the genus Pomacanthus these angelfishes live in harem, as the male defends a territory and controls a few females. After a courtship ritual males and females release eggs and sperm. At the beginning of life all juveniles are females (protogynous hermaphrodites), becoming males during the development, with a complete color variation from the juvenile to adult stage.[6] Juveniles prefer very shallow waters with rock or dead coral substrates and short filamentous algae. Adults mainly feed on zooplankton, sponges, filamentous algae and tunicates. [5][9]
Systematics

The bluering angelfish was first formally described in 1795 as Chaetodon tricolor by the German physician and naturalist Marcus Elieser Bloch (1723–1799) with the type locality given as the Indian Ocean.[10] The species is placed by some authorities in the subgenus Acanthochaetodon,. The specific name of this species, annularis, means "ringed" which refers to the ring on the body above the gill cover.[11]
Utilisation

Bluering angelfish are infrequently found in the aquarium trade. [1]

References

Myers, R.F.; Rocha, L.A.; Craig, M.T. (2010). "Pomacanthus annularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T165873A6154247. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165873A6154247.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
Biolib
Catalogue of Life
Steene, R.C. (1978) Butterfly and angelfishes of the world., A.H. & A.W. Reed Pty Ltd., Australia. vol. 1. 144 p.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Pomacanthus annularis" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
Animal Diversity Web
Mark McGrouther (5 February 2019). "Blue-ringed Angelfish, Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787)". Australian Museum. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
"Pomacanthus annularis ". Saltcorner!. Bob Goemans. 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
WoRMS – World Register of Marine Species
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Pomacanthus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (21 July 2020). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 27 February 2021.