Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea
Familia: Percidae
Subfamiliae: Etheostomatinae - Luciopercinae - Percinae
Overview of genera: Ammocrypta - Crystallaria - Etheostoma - Gymnocephalus - Perca - Percarina - Percina - Romanichthys - Sander - Zingel
References
Percidae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Vernacular names
беларуская: Акунёвыя
català: Pèrcid
čeština: Okounovití
Deutsch: Echte Barsche
Ελληνικά: Πέρκες
English: Perches, true perches
español: Percas
eesti: Ahvenlased
فارسی: سوفماهیان
suomi: Ahvenet
français: Perches, perches et dards
magyar: Sügérfélék
lietuvių: Ešerinės
latviešu: Asaru dzimta
Nederlands: Echte baarzen
norsk nynorsk: Åborfamilien
norsk: Abborfamilien
polski: Okoniowate
русский: Окуневые
svenska: Abborrfiskar
українська: Родина Окуневі
中文: 河鱸科
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains more than 200 species in 11 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.
Characteristics
The family is characterised by having the dorsal fin split into two[2] which are normally separated or have a narrow connection, although this is wider in the genus Zingel,[3] the front section contains the spines and the rear section contains the soft rays.[2] The anal fin contains 1 or 2 spines, if there is a second spine it is typically weak. The pelvic fins are placed on the thorax and have a single spine and 5 soft rays. They also have skeletal synapomorphies.[3] The maximum size attained is 100 centimetres (39 in) in the zander (Sander lucioperca)[4] but most of the species in the family are much smaller.[3] Their scales are ctenoid and their bodies are normally somewhat elongate.[5]
Systematics
The 5th Edition of Fishes of the World classifies the Percidae into five subfamilies[3] and Fishbase recognises 239 species in 11 genera.[4][1][6]
Subfamily Percinae Rafinesque, 1815
Genus Perca Linnaeus, 1758
Subfamily Acerinae Bleeker, 1858
Genus Gymnocephalus Bloch, 1793
Subfamily Percarininae Gill, 1861
Genus Percarina Nordmann, 1840
Subfamily Luciopercinae Jordan & Evermann, 1896
Tribe Luciopercini Jordan & Evermann 1896
Genus Sander Oken, 1817
Tribe Romanichthyini Dumitrescu, Bănărescu & Stoica 1957
Genus Romanichthys Dumitrescu, Bănărescu & Stoica 1957
Genus Zingel Cloquet, 1817
Subfamily Etheostomatinae Agassiz, 1850
Genus Ammocrypta Jordan, 1877
Genus Etheostoma Rafinesque, 1817
Genus Nothonotus Putnam, 1863
Genus Percina Haldeman, 1842
Fossil genera
†Mioplosus Cope, 1877
†Priscacara Cope, 1877
References
Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
Kraft C.E; D.M. Carlson; M. Carlson (2006). "Inland fishes of New York (online) Version4.0". Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 448–450. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Percidae". FishBase. December 2019 version.
"Percidae: Form and Function". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Percidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
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