Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea
Familia: Inermiidae
Genus: Emmelichthyops
Species: E. atlanticus
Emmelichthyops atlanticus, the bonnetmouth, is a marine fish species of grunt native to the western Atlantic Ocean, where it occurs from Florida and the Bahamas to northern South America. This species is the only known member of its genus.[2]
Description
The bonnetmouth has a cigar-shaped body and can grow up to 13 cm (5.1 in) in total length.[2] Bonnetmouths are generally yellowish-gray, with some blue coloration on the front and silvery-white on the sides.[3] Adults have four brown stripes on the upper halves of their bodies (one mid-dorsal), while juveniles have only three stripes.[3] These stripes are usually more evident near the front and become more faded near the tail.
[3]
Distribution and habitat
Found only in the western Atlantic Ocean, bonnetmouths can be seen from southern Florida and the Bahamas to northern South America. They can be captured most often near the Florida Keys, US Virgin Islands, and the Bahamas.[4] The type specimens were both collected off the Bahamas' Cat Island.[4] They are generally associated with reefs[5] and can be found over coral heads in small groups.[6] Bonnetmouths can be found at depths from 3–90 m (10–300 ft), but mainly occur in schools at about 64 m (210 ft).[7] It feeds on invertebrates and small fishes.[1]
Systematics
Emmelichthyops atlanticus was first formally described in 1945 by the American ichthyologist Leonard Peter Schultz (1901-1986) with the type locality given as Cat Island in the Bahamas.[8] It was formerly placed in the family Inermiidae.[1] The generic name, Emmelichthyops, means “like Emmelichthys”. At the time of its description this species was thought to be related to Emmelichthys and the two genera are similar.[9]
References
Carpenter, K.E.; Claro, R.; Lindeman, K.; Padovani-Ferreira, B.; Robertson, R.; Rocha, L.A. & Sedberry, G. (2017) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Emmelichthyops atlanticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T190205A115313536. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T190205A16510677.en. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Emmelichthyops atlanticus". FishBase. August 2013 version.
Randall, John E. Caribbean Reef Fishes. 1968, Jersey City, New Jersey, T.H.F. Publications. 93
Bohlke, James E. Charles C. G. Chaplin. Fishes of the Bahamas and Adjacent Tropical Waters. 2nd edition. Austin, UP of Texas. 304.
Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Harper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Emmelichthyops". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (5 April 2024). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 4): Families HAEMULIDAE and LUTJANIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. v. 8.0. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
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