Trioceros

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Cladus: Unidentata, Episquamata
Cladus: Toxicofera
Subordo: Iguania
Infraordo: Acrodonta

Familia: Chamaeleonidae
Subfamilia: Chamaeleoninae
Genus: Trioceros
Species (39): T. affinis – T. balebicornutus – T. bitaeniatus – T. camerunensis – T. chapini – T. conirostratus – T. cristatus – T. deremensis – T. eisentrauti – T. ellioti – T. feae – T. fuelleborni – T. goetzei – T. hanangensis – T. harennae – T. hoehnelii – T. incornutus – T. ituriensis – T. jacksonii – T. johnstoni – T. kinangopensis – T. kinetensis – T. laterispinis – T. marsabitensis – T. melleri – T. montium – T. narraioca – T. ntunte – T. nyirit – T. oweni – T. pfefferi – T. quadricornis – T. rudis – T. schoutedeni – T. schubotzi – T. sternfeldi – T. tempeli – T. werneri – T. wiedersheimi

[source: Tilbury & Tolley (2009: 66), plus (3) T. hanangensis – T. kinangopensis – T. nyirit
]
Name

Trioceros Swainson, 1839

Synonyms

Triceras Fitzinger, 1843

Homonym: Triceras, Chromista

Pterosaurus Gray, 1864
Ensirostris Gray, 1864

References

Swainson, W. 1839: The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. London. 2 , pp. i-vi + 1-448.

Krause, P.; Böhme, W. 2010: A new chameleon of the Trioceros bitaeniatus complex from Mt. Hanang, Tanzania, East Africa (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (1): 19–29. PDF
Stipala, J. et al. 2011: A new species of chameleon (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae) from the highlands of northwest Kenya. Zootaxa, 3002: 1–16. Preview
Tilbury, C.R.; Tolley, K.A. 2009: A re-appraisal of the systematics of the African genus Chamaeleo (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae). Zootaxa, 2079: 57–68. Abstract & excerpt

Links

ION [needs update]
Nomenclator Zoologicus

Trioceros is a genus of lizards in the family Chamaeleonidae. Trioceros was considered a subgenus of the genus Chamaeleo until 2009, when it was elevated to full genus level. As of 2021, Trioceros wolfgangboehmei is the last known species in its genus.
Species and subspecies

The following species and subspecies are recognized as being valid.[2]

Image	Name	Common Name	Subspecies	Distribution
	Trioceros affinis (Rüppell, 1845)	beardless Ethiopian montane chameleon, Rüppell's desert chameleon		Ethiopia.
	Trioceros balebicornutus (Tilbury, 1998)	Bale two-horned chameleon		Ethiopia.
	Trioceros bitaeniatus (Fischer, 1884)	side-striped chameleon, two-lined chameleon		Ethiopia, southern Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	Trioceros camerunensis (L. Müller, 1909)	Cameroon dwarf chameleon		Cameroon.
	Trioceros chapini (de Witte, 1964)	Chapin's chameleon,[3] grey chameleon		Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	Trioceros conirostratus (Tilbury, 1998)	South Sudanese unicorn chameleon		South Sudan and Uganda.
	Trioceros cristatus (Stutchbury, 1837)	crested chameleon, fringed chameleon		Bioko, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Nigeria, Ghana, and Togo.
	Trioceros deremensis (Matschie, 1892)	Usambara giant three-horned chameleon, wavy chameleon		East Usambara, Uluguru, Nguu and Nguru Mountains, and Udzungwa Mountains.
	Trioceros ellioti (Günther, 1895)	Elliot's chameleon,[4] montane side-striped chameleon, Elliot's groove-throated chameleon		Burundi, Kenya, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	Trioceros feae (Boulenger, 1906)	Bioko hornless chameleon, Bioko montane chameleon, Fea's chameleon		Bioko.
	Trioceros fuelleborni (Tornier, 1900)	(named after Friedrich Fülleborn),[5] flapjack chameleon, Ngosi Volcano chameleon, Poroto three-horned chameleon, mountain three-horned chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros goetzei (Tornier, 1899)	Goetze's chameleon,[6] Ilolo chameleon, Goetze's whistling chameleon	Trioceros goetzei goetzei (Tornier, 1899) – Goetze's whistling chameleon Trioceros goetzei nyikae (Loveridge, 1953) – Nyika whistling chameleon	Tanzania and Malawi.
	Trioceros hanangensis Krause & Böhme [de], 2010	Mount Hanang montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Hanang chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros harennae (Largen, 1995)	Harenna hornless chameleon	Trioceros harennae harennae (Largen, 1995) – Harenna hornless chameleon Trioceros harennae fitchi (Nečas, 2004) – Fitch's Harenna hornless chameleon[7]	Ethiopia
	Trioceros hoehnelii (Steindachner, 1891)	helmeted chameleon, high-casqued chameleon, von Höhnel's chameleon[8]		Kenya and Uganda
	Trioceros incornutus (Loveridge, 1932)	Ukinga hornless chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros ituriensis (K.P. Schmidt, 1919)	Ituri forest chameleon		Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya.
	Trioceros jacksonii (Boulenger, 1896)	Jackson's chameleon[9]	Trioceros jacksonii jacksonii (Boulenger, 1896) – Jackson's three-horned chameleon Trioceros jacksonii merumontanus (Rand, 1958) – dwarf Jackson's chameleon Trioceros jacksonii xantholophus (Eason, Ferguson & Hebrard, 1988) – Mount Kenya three-horned chameleon, yellow-crested Jackson's chameleon	south-central Kenya and northern Tanzania.
	Trioceros johnstoni (Boulenger, 1901)	Johnston's chameleon,[10] Johnston's three-horned chameleon, Ruwenzori three-horned chameleon		Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda
	Trioceros kinangopensis Stipala et al., 2012	Aberdare Mountains dwarf chameleon		Kenya.
	Trioceros kinetensis (K.P. Schmidt, 1943)	Mount Kineti montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Kineti chameleon		South Sudan.
	Trioceros laterispinis (Loveridge, 1932)	spiny-flanked chameleon		United Republic of Tanzania, East Africa.
	Trioceros marsabitensis (Tilbury, 1991)	Marsabit one-horned chameleon, Mt. Marsabit chameleon, Tilbury's chameleon		Kenya.
	Trioceros melleri (Gray, 1865)	giant one-horned chameleon, Meller's chameleon,[11] Meller's giant one-horned chameleon		Malawi, northern Mozambique, and Tanzania
	Trioceros montium (Buchholz, 1874)	Cameroon sailfin chameleon		Cameroon.
	Trioceros narraioca (Nečas, Modrý & Šlapeta, 2003)	Mount Kulal chameleon or Mount Kulal stump-nosed chameleon		Kenya
	Trioceros ntunte (Nečas, Modry & Slapeta, 2005)	Mount Nyiru chameleon, Nyiru montane dwarf chameleon		Kenya
	Trioceros nyirit Stipala et al., 2011	Mount Mtelo stump-nosed chameleon, Pokot chameleon		Kenya
	Trioceros oweni (Gray, 1831)	Owen's chameleon[12]		Nigeria in the north, to Angola in the south, and Burundi in the east
	Trioceros perreti (Klaver & Böhme, 1992)	Perret's chameleon,[13] Perret's montane chameleon		Cameroon.
	Trioceros pfefferi (Tornier, 1900)	Pfeffer's two-horned chameleon,[14] Pfeffer's chameleon, Bakossi two-horned chameleon		Cameroon.
	Trioceros quadricornis (Tornier, 1899)	four-horned chameleon	Trioceros quadricornis quadricornis (Tornier, 1899) – southern four-horned chameleon Trioceros quadricornis eisentrauti (Mertens, 1968) – Rumpi Hills chameleon Trioceros quadricornis gracilior (Böhme & Klaver, 1981) – northern four-horned chameleon	western Cameroon and southeastern Nigeria.
	Trioceros rudis (Boulenger, 1906)	coarse chameleon, rough chameleon, Ruwenzori side-striped chameleon, Rwenzori bearded montane dwarf chameleon		western Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern DR Congo
	Trioceros schoutedeni (Laurent, 1952)	Schouteden's montane dwarf chameleon[15]		Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	Trioceros schubotzi (Sternfeld, 1912)	Mount Kenya montane dwarf chameleon, Mount Kenya side-striped chameleon, Schubotz's chameleon[16]		Kenya
	Trioceros serratus (Mertens, 1922)			Cameroon
	Trioceros sternfeldi (Rand, 1963)	(named after Richard Sternfeld),[17] Crater Highlands side-striped chameleon, Tanzanian montane dwarf chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros tempeli (Tornier, 1899)	Tanzania mountain chameleon, Tempel's chameleon,[18] Udzungwa double-bearded chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros werneri (Tornier, 1899)	Werner's chameleon,[19] Wemer's chameleon, Wemer's three-horned chameleon		Tanzania
	Trioceros wiedersheimi (Nieden, 1910)	Mount Lefo chameleon, Wiedersheim's chameleon[20]		Cameroon and Nigeria
	Trioceros wolfgangboehmei Koppetsch, Nečas & Wipfler, 2021			Ethiopia.

Nota bene: In the above list, a binomial authority or trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species or subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Trioceros.
Footnotes

Trioceros oweni at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 17 May 2022.
Trioceros at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
Beolens et al., p. 51.
Beolens et al., p. 82.
Beolens et al., p.95.
Beolens et al., p. 103.
Beolens et al., p. 90.
Beolens et al., p. 124.
Beolens et al., p. 132.
Beolens et al., p. 135.
Beolens et al., p. 175.
Beolens et al., p. 198.
Beolens et al., p. 203.
Beolens et al., p. 205,
Beolens et al., p. 237.
Beolens et al., p. 238.
Beolens et al., 253.
Beolens et al., p. 263.
Beolens et al., p. 282.

Beolens et al., p. 285.

References

Boelens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5.
Tilbury, C.R., & Tolley, K.A. (2009). "A re-appraisal of the systematics of the African genus Chamaeleo (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae)". Zootaxa 2079: 57–68.
Swainson, W. (1839). The Natural History of Fishes, Amphibians, & Reptiles, or Monocardian Animals. Vol. II. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans; John Taylor. (A. Spottiswoode, printer). 452 pp. (Trioceros, new genus, p. 369).