Petrosaurus thalassinus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Cladus: Unidentata Episquamata Toxicofera
Subordo: Iguania
Infraordo: Pleurodonta

Familia: Phrynosomatidae
Subfamilia: Sceloporinae
Genus: Petrosaurus
Species: Petrosaurus thalassinus
Name

Petrosaurus thalassinus (Cope, 1863)

Holotype: USNM 5302.

Type locality: “Cape St. Lucas”, Baja California, Mexico.
Combinations

Uta thalassina Cope, 1863: 104 [original combination]
Petrosaurus thalassinus — Boulenger, 1885: 205 [subsequent combination]

References
Primary references

Cope, E.D. 1863. Descriptions of new American Squamata, in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 15: 100–106. BHL Reference page.

Links

Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2022. Petrosaurus thalassinus. The Reptile Database. Accessed on 8 October 2018.
Hollingsworth, B. & Frost, D.R. 2007. IUCN: Petrosaurus thalassinus (Least Concern). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T64070A12741368. DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64070A12741368.en

Vernacular names
English: Baja California Rock Lizard

The Baja blue rock lizard (Petrosaurus thalassinus) is a species of large, diurnal phrynosomatid lizard.

Description

It reaches up to 45 cm (18 in) long including the tail, and has a flattened body with small, smooth, granular scales and slightly keeled scales near the tail. The head is bluish with red to orange colors around the eyes, yellow neck with blue spots and streaks. The back of the tail is gray blue with darker cross bars. The coloration intensifies during the breeding season in both sexes.
Behavior

It prefers temperatures in excess of 90 °F and basks in direct sunlight on desert rocks. A very wary species, its flattened body allows it to quickly retreat into rock crevices to escape predators as well as inclement weather conditions. When threatened, it can extend a skin flap along its throat. Like many lizards, it is able to drop its tail when caught.
Diet

It feeds on various insects, small lizards, blossoms, leaves, seeds, and small fruit. Occasional incidents of cannibalism on smaller individuals have been observed.
Taxonomy

Two subspecies are recognized within P. thalassinus; P. t. thalassinus inhabits the Cape region, and P. t. repens ranges north of the isthmus of La Paz. P. t. repens differs by having a thin, black, postorbital stripe; one row of scales between the nasal and the supralabials as opposed to two, and reaching a maximum snout-to-vent length of 111 mm as opposed to 162 mm. Genetic studies indicate all populations within P. thalassinus, including the two subspecies, show only low levels of genetic divergence, indicative of high rates of gene flow. In contrast, P. thalassinus is strongly differentiated from its sister species P. mearnsi.
Life history

Breeding takes place in the spring. 20 to 30 eggs are laid in late spring and summer, and hatchlings appear after 85 to 88 days in summer and early fall. Sexual maturity is reached after about 2 years with a life expectancy of 20 years.
Habitat

Petrosaurus thalassinus is most often found in the immediate vicinity of rocky canyons, boulder-strewn hillsides and arroyo bottoms and sea-side cliffs. These lizards appear to be particularly common on rocks near large trees or other vegetation, and rarely seen in areas where vegetation is non-existent.
Geographic range
Petrosaurus thalassinus

It is found in the Sierra la Laguna (and its associated ranges) and Sierra la Trinidad of the Cape region of Baja California Sur, as well as on Islas Espiritu Santo and Partida Sur in the Gulf. Elevational distribution from sea level to 2,020 meters in the Sierra la Laguna.
Conservation

This species is locally abundant and occurs on several protected islands. It is currently in no need of special protection. However, its small range may make it vulnerable to disturbance.
References

Hollingsworth, B.; Frost, D.R. (2007). "Petrosaurus thalassinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T64070A12741368. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64070A12741368.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.

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