Drymarchon

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Subordo: Serpentes
Infraordo: Caenophidia
Superfamilia: Colubroidea

Familia: Colubridae
Subfamilia: Colubrinae
Genus: Drymarchon
Species: D. caudomaculatus – D. corais – D. couperi – D. margaritae – D. melanurus
Name

Drymarchon Fitzinger, 1843

Type species: Coluber corais Boie, 1827
References

Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept., 26.
Folt, B., Bauder, J., Spear, S., Stevenson, D. Hoffman, M., Oaks, J.R., Wood, P.L., Jenkins, C., Steen, D.A., Guyer, C.. 2019. Taxonomic and conservation implications of population genetic admixture, mito-nuclear discordance, and male-biased dispersal of a large endangered snake, Drymarchon couperi. PLoS ONE 14(3): e0214439. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214439 Reference page.
Krysko, K.L., Granatosky, M.C., Nuñez, L.P. & Smith, D.J. 2016. A cryptic new species of Indigo Snake (genus Drymarchon) from the Florida Platform of the United States. Zootaxa 4138(3): 549–569. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.3.7. Reference page.
Wüster, W., Yrausquin, J.L., Mijares-Urrutia, A.. 2001. A new species of indigo snake from northwestern Venezuela (Serpentes: Colubridae: Drymarchon). Herpetological Journal 11: 157–165. Reference page.

Links

Drymarchon at the New Reptile Database. Accessed on 30 August 2008.

Vernacular names
English: Indigo Snakes, Cribos

Drymarchon is a genus of large nonvenomous colubrid snakes, commonly known as indigo snakes or cribos,[3] found in the Southeastern United States, Central America, and South America. Reaching 3 m (9.8 ft) or more in length, they are among the world's largest colubrid snakes.

Description

Indigo snakes are large, robust snakes which can reach a total length (including tail) of over 3 m (9.8 ft). They have smooth dorsal scales, and several color variations, including a glossy blue-black color. This snake genus, Drymarchon, means "Lord of The Forest".
Behavior and diet

Indigo snakes are diurnal and actively forage for prey. They feed on a broad variety of small animals such as rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, toads, and other snakes, including rattlesnakes. They are not aggressive snakes and will bite only when threatened. Typical threat display includes hissing and shaking of its tail as a warning.
Species and subspecies
Drymarchon melanurus erebennus

The genus Drymarchon was formerly considered to be a monotypic taxon formed by subspecies of D. corais. Currently the genus includes six distinct species recognized by ITIS:[4] One of the species has several subspecies which are recognized as being valid.

Indigo snake, yellow-tailed indigo snake — Drymarchon corais (F. Boie, 1827)
Falcon indigo snake — Drymarchon caudomaculatus Wüster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia, 2001[5]
Eastern indigo snake — Drymarchon couperi (Holbrook, 1842)[6]
Margarita indigo snake — Drymarchon margaritae Roze, 1959
Middle American indigo snake — Drymarchon melanurus (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854)
Black-tailed cribo — Drymarchon melanurus melanurus (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854)
Texas indigo snake — Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (Cope, 1860)[7]
Orizaba indigo snake — Drymarchon melanurus orizabensis (Dugès, 1905)
Mexican red-tailed indigo snake — Drymarchon melanurus rubidus H.M. Smith, 1941
Unicolor cribo — Drymarchon melanurus unicolor H.M. Smith, 1941

Nota bene: A binomial authority or a trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species or subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Drymarchon.
References

Fitzinger L (1843). Systema Reptilium, Fasciculus Primus, Amblyglossae. Vienna: Braumüller & Seidel. 106 pp. + indices. (Drymarchon, new genus, p. 26). (in Latin).
Wright, Albert Hazen; Wright, Anna Allen (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. 1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes) (Genus Drymarchon, p. 200).
"Cribos and Indigo Snakes" (PDF). madisonherps.org. Retrieved 2018-10-21.
"Drymarchon ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
Wüster, Wolfgang; Yrausquin, José Luís; Mijares-Urrutia, Abraham (2001). "A new species of indigo snake from north-western Venezuela (Serpentes: Colubridae: Drymarchon)" (PDF). Herpetological Journal. 11: 157–165. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-02-05. (Drymarchon caudomaculatus, new species).
Hammerson GA (2007). "Drymarchon couperi ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T63773A12714602. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63773A12714602.en.
Gutiérrez-Cárdenas, P.; Rivas, G. (2017). "Drymarchon melanurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T63774A3129309. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T63774A3129309.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.