Cylindrophis ruffus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Subordo: Serpentes
Superfamilia: Booidea

Familia: Cylindrophiidae
Genus: Cylindrophis
Species: Cylindrophis ruffus
Name

Cylindrophis ruffus (Laurenti, 1768)

Holotype: “hospitatur in Museo Gronoviano”, lost fide Iskandar & Colijn (2002).

Type locality: “Surinami” (in error), corrected to “Java” by Boie (1827: 512).
Combinations

Anguis ruffa Laurenti, 1768: 71 [original combination]
Anguis rufus — Gmelin, 1789: 1123 [nomen emendatum]
Eryx rufus — Daudin, 1803: 263 [name combination, incorrect subsequent spelling]
Tortrix rufa — Boie, 1827: 512 [name combination, incorrect subsequent spelling]
Cylindrophis rufa — Gray, 1842: 46 [name combination, incorrect subsequent spelling]
Cylindrophis rufus — Boulenger, 1890: 250 [name combination, incorrect subsequent spelling]

Synonyms

Cylindrophis mirzae Amarasinghe, Ineich, Campbell & Hallermann, 2015: 42 [synonymized by Kieckbusch et al., (2016: 11)]

Holotype: MNHN-RA 3279, adult indet.

Type locality: “Singapore.”
References
Primary references

Laurenti, J.N. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu (In Latin). Joan Thomae: Vienna. 217 pp. BHL Reference page.
Amarasinghe, A.A.T., Campbell, P.D., Hallermann, J., Sidik, I., Supriatna, J. & Ineich, I. 2015. Two new species of the genus Cylindrophis Wagler, 1828 (Squamata: Cylindrophiidae) from Southeast Asia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 9(1) [General Section]: 34–51. BHL Reference page.
Kieckbusch, M., Mecke, S., Hartmann, L., Ehrmentraut, L., O’Shea, M. & Kaiser, H. 2016. An inconspicuous, conspicuous new species of Asian pipesnake, genus Cylindrophis (Reptilia: Squamata: Cylindrophiidae), from the south coast of Jawa Tengah, Java, Indonesia, and an overview of the tangled taxonomic history of C. ruffus (Laurenti, 1768). Zootaxa 4093(1): 1–25. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.1.1.Paywall Reference page.

Links

Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2022. Cylindrophis ruffus. The Reptile Database. Accessed on 1 November 2017.

Vernacular names
English: Red-tailed Pipe Snake

The red-tailed pipe snake, red cylinder snake,[3] or common pipe snake,[1] Cylindrophis ruffus is a snake species found in Southeast Asia. No subspecies are currently recognized.
Description

Adults can grow to 39 in (1 m) in length.[4]

The dorsal scales are smooth, in 19 or 21 rows, with 186-245 ventrals, which are not quite twice as large as the contiguous dorsal scales; the anal plate is divided, and five to 10 subcaudals.[5]

Compared to other snakes, C. ruffus have a limited gape size.[6] Their primary diet consists of long, thin prey animals including snakes, caecilians, and eels.[7]
Geographic range

It is found in Myanmar and southern China (Fujian, Hong Kong and on Hainan Island), south into Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula and the East Indies to Indonesia (the Riau Archipelago, Sumatra, Bangka, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, Buton and the Sula Islands. The type locality given is "Surinami" (possibly a mistake).[2]
References

Wogan, G.; Vogel, G.; Nguyen, T.Q. & Thy, N. (2012). "Cylindrophis ruffus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2012: e.T192080A2037269. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T192080A2037269.en. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
Species Cylindrophis ruffus at The Reptile Database. Accessed 27 October 2014.
Burnie D, Wilson DE. 2001. Animal. Dorling Kindersley. 624 pp. ISBN 0-7894-7764-5.
Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History), Volume I. London. pp. 135-136.
Cundall, David (1995). "Feeding behaviour in Cylindrophis and its bearing on the evolution of alethinophidian snakes". Journal of Zoology. 237 (3): 353–376. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1995.tb02767.x – via Web of Science.
Kupfer, Alexander (2003). "Field observations on the predation of the caecilian amphibian, genus Ichthyophis (Fitzinger, 1826), by the red-tailed pipe snake Cylindrophis ruffus (Laurenti, 1768)". Amphibia-Reptilia. 24 (2): 212–215. doi:10.1163/156853803322390462 – via Web of Science.a