Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Familia: †Sinoconodontidae
Genus: †Sinoconodon
Species: †S. rigneyi
Name
†Sinoconodon Patterson & Olson, 1961: 133
Type species: Sinoconodon rigneyi Patterson & Olson, 1961, by monotypy.
Synonyms
Lufengoconodon Young, 1982: 23 [synonymized by Luo & Wu (1994: 262)]
Type species: Lufengoconodon changchiawaensis Young, 1982, by monotypy.
References
Primary references
Patterson, B. & Olson, E.C. 1961. A triconodont mammal from the Triassic of Yunnan. pp. 129–191 in Vanderbroek, G. (ed.). International Colloquium on the Evolution of Lower and Non Specialized Mammals. Koninklijke Vlaamse Academir voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten can Belgie. Paleis des Academien: Brussels. Reference page.
Young, C.C. 1982. [Two primitive mammals from Lufeng, Yunnan] (in Chinese). pp. 21–24 in [Selected Works of Yang Zhungjian]. Science Press: Beijing.
Luo, Z.-X. & Wu, X.-C. 1994. The small tetrapods of the lower Lufeng Formation,Yunnan, China. pp. 251–270 in Fraser, N.C. & Sues, H.-D. (eds.). In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs—Early Mesozoic Tetrapods. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. 448 pp.
Additional references
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., Cifelli, R.L. & Luo, Z.-X. 2004. Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs: Origins, Evolution, and Structure. Columbia University Press, New York. 1–630 pp. ISBN 9780231119184 Reference page.
Sinoconodon is an extinct genus of mammaliamorphs that appears in the fossil record of the Lufeng Formation of China in the Sinemurian stage of the Early Jurassic period, about 193 million years ago.[1] While sharing many plesiomorphic traits with other non-mammaliaform cynodonts, it possessed a special, secondarily evolved jaw joint between the dentary and the squamosal bones, which in more derived taxa would replace the primitive tetrapod one between the articular and quadrate bones. The presence of a dentary-squamosal joint is a trait historically used to define mammals.[2][3]
Description
This animal had skull of 6 cm (2.4 in) which suggest a presacral body length of 25 cm (9.8 in) and weight about 800 g (28 oz) due to the similar parameters to the European hedgehog.[4] Sinoconodon closely resembled early mammaliaforms like Morganucodon, but it is regarded as more basal,[5] differing substantially from Morganucodon in its dentition and growth habits. Like most other non-mammalian tetrapods, such as reptiles and amphibians, it was polyphyodont, replacing many of its teeth throughout its lifetime, and it seems to have grown slowly but continuously until its death. It was thus somewhat less mammal-like than mammaliaforms such as morganucodonts and docodonts.[2][6] The combination of basal tetrapod and mammalian features makes it a unique transitional fossil.[7]
Taxonomy
Sinoconodon was named by Patterson and Olson in 1961. Its type is Sinoconodon rigneyi. It was assigned to Triconodontidae by Patterson and Olson in 1961; to Triconodonta by Jenkins and Crompton in 1979; to Sinoconodontidae by Carroll in 1988; to Mammaliamorpha by Wible in 1991; to Mammalia by Luo and Wu in 1994; to Mammalia by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. in 2004; and to Mammaliaformes by Luo et al. in 2001 and Bi et al. in 2014.[8]
Phylogeny
| Mammaliaformes |
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References
Lucas, Spencer (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 130–150. ISBN 978-0231084833.
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z; Luo, ZX; Cifelli, RL (2004). Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs. Columbia University Press. Chapter 4. ISBN 9780231119184.
Luo, Z.-X. (2005). "FOSSIL VERTEBRATES | Mesozoic Mammals". Encyclopedia of Geology. Elsevier. pp. 527–534. doi:10.1016/b0-12-369396-9/00008-3. ISBN 9780123693969.
T. S. Kemp (2005). The Origin and Evolution of Mammals. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 183. ISBN 9780198507611. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
Luo, ZX; Kielan-Jaworowska, Z; Cifelli, RL (2002). "In quest for a phylogeny of Mesozoic mammals". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 47 (1): 1–78.
Close, Roger A.; Friedman, Matt; Lloyd, Graeme T.; Benson, Roger B.J. (August 2015). "Evidence for a Mid-Jurassic Adaptive Radiation in Mammals". Current Biology. 25 (16): 2137–2142. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.06.047. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 26190074.
Mammals of the Mesozoic: The least mammal-like mammals
"PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
External links
Mammaliformes from Palaeos
[1]
http://eol.org/pages/10575421/names?all=1
http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/mammaliformes/mammaliformes.html#Mammaliformes
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