._Maharashtra,_India.jpg)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis: Sarcopterygii
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Charadriiformes
Familia: Turnicidae
Genus: Turnix
Species: Turnix sylvaticus
Subspecies: T. s. alleni - T. s. arenarius - T. s. bartelsorum - T. s. celestinoi - T. s. davidi - T. s. dussumier - T. s. lepuranus - T. s. masaaki - T. s. mikado - T. s. nigrorum - T. s. suluensis - T. s. sylvaticus - T. s. whiteheadi
Name
Turnix sylvaticus (Desfontaines, 1789)
Original combination: Tetrao sylvaticus
Synonyms
Turnix sylvatica
References
Desfontaines 1789. Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, ... (1787) p. 500 pl.13
Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Bosveldkwarteltjie
brezhoneg: Turniz-Andalouzia
català: Guàtlera andalusa, Guàtlera andalusa., Guatlla andalusa
čeština: perepel malý
dansk: Løbehøne
Deutsch: Laufhühnchen
English: Common Buttonquail, Kurrichane Buttonquail, Small Buttonquail, Andalusian Hemipode
Esperanto: Andaluzia turnico
español: Torillo Andaluz
eesti: vuttledik
suomi: viiriäispyyjuoksija
français: Turnix d'Andalousie
galego: Tourón
עברית: טורניקס
magyar: Rozsdástorkú guvatfürj
Bahasa Indonesia: Gemak Tegalan, Sonta
íslenska: Tindilfætla
italiano: Quaglia tridattila
日本語: ヒメミフウズラ, himemifuuzura
lietuvių: Miškinė vištelė
Nederlands: Gestreepte Vechtkwartel
norsk: Springvaktel
polski: Przepiórnik
português: Toirão
русский: Африканская трёхперстка
slovenčina: prepeľovec krovinový
slovenščina: tekacica, tekačica, tekacice
chiShona: Huta
svenska: Springhöna
Kiswahili: Kipururu
தமிழ்: Kurung Kaadai
ไทย: นกคุ่มอืดเล็ก
Setswana: Lephurrwane
Türkçe: bıldırcın yelvesi
Xitsonga: Xitsatsana
Tiếng Việt: Cun cút nhỏ
isiXhosa: Ingolwane
中文: 林三趾鹑
isiZulu: uNgoqo
The common buttonquail, Kurrichane buttonquail, small buttonquail, or Andalusian hemipode (Turnix sylvaticus) is a buttonquail, one of a small family of birds which resemble, but are unrelated to, the true quails.
Contents
1 Description
2 Distribution and habitat
3 Behaviour
3.1 Breeding
4 Conservation
5 References
6 External links
Description
The common buttonquail resembles the common quail. It has streaked sandy brown upperparts, buff underparts with black flank markings, and a plain face. In flight, a whitish wingbar contrasts with the grey wing. Sexes are similar, but immature birds are more spotted below. This tiny buttonquail is notoriously difficult to see. It is a small, 15 cm (5.9 in) long drab running bird, which avoids flying.
Maharashtra, India
Distribution and habitat
This species is resident from southern Spain and Africa through India and tropical Asia to Indonesia. It inhabits warm grasslands or scrub jungle and feeds on insects and seeds. This species avoids thick forest and hilly country, and lives by preference in cornfields and stretches of grassy plain though it may also be found in any type of low herbage and open scrub jungle.
Painting by John Gould
Behaviour
It skulks and is flushed with difficulty, rising often close by one's feet. When flushed it flies low over the ground and soon settles again, after which it is very difficult to put up a second time. The female calls with a deep hoom-hoom-hoom and the male replies kek-kek-kek.
South Africa, Kruger National Park
South Africa, Ithala Game Reserve
Breeding
The female initiates courtship and builds the ground nest. The male incubates the normally four speckled greyish eggs, and tends the young, which can run as soon as they are hatched. The nesting season is June to September. The nest is a slight pad of grass placed in a natural hollow in the ground where it is usually tucked away amongst the stems of a tuft of grass. Very occasionally the grass is bent over it in a sort of canopy.[3]
Turnix sylvaticus - MHNT
Conservation
Widespread throughout its large range, the small buttonquail is evaluated as least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1] However, the nominate subspecies which is distributed in the Mediterranean region is critically endangered. It disappeared from most of its range during the 20th century and is currently only present in Morocco after Spain officially declared the extinction of the species in 2018.[4][5][6] This makes it the first bird species to become extinct in Europe since the Great Auk in 1852. Its name is derived from Kaditshwene (rendered as 'Kurrichane') in Botswana.[7]
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Turnix sylvaticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22680500A90008182. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
BirdLife International (2015). "Turnix sylvaticus Europe". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T22680500A59976610. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
Whistler, Hugh (1949). Popular Handbook of Indian Birds. London: Gurney and Jackson.
Gutiérrez, C., Copete, J.L., Crochet, P.-A., Qninba, A. & Garrido, H. 2011. History, status and distribution of Andalusian Buttonquail in the WP.Dutch Birding 33: 75-93.
MaghrebOrnitho, 2018. Andalusian Buttonquail legally declared extinct in Spain. MaghrebOrnitho, Published on 9 November 2018.
Violani, C. G. & Massa, B. 1993. Extinction of the Andalusian Hemipode Turnix s. sylvatica (Desf.) in the Mediterranean region . Bull. Br. Ornithol. Cl. 113: 225-229.
Jan C.A. Boeyens; Desmond T. Cole. "Kaditshwene: What's in a Name?" (PDF). Uir.unisa.ac.za. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
Barlow, Clive; Wacher, Tim; Disley, Tony (1997). Birds of The Gambia. ISBN 1-873403-32-1.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
