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Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Coraciiformes
Familia: Todidae
Genus: Todus
Species: Todus multicolor
Name
Todus multicolor Gould, 1837
References
Icones avium pt1 pl.2
IUCN: Todus multicolor Gould, 1837 (Least Concern)
Vernacular names
čeština: todi pestrý
dansk: Cubatodi
Deutsch: Vielfarbentodi
English: Cuban Tody
español: Barrancolí Cubano
eesti: kuuba todi
suomi: kuubantodi
français: Todier de Cuba
magyar: kubai todi
italiano: Todo di Cuba
日本語: キュアバコビトドリ, kyu-bakobitodori
Nederlands: Cubaanse Todie
norsk: Kubatodi
polski: Płaskodziobek kubański
русский: Кубинский тоди
slovenčina: todi pestrý
svenska: Kubansk todi
中文: 杂色短尾鴗
The Cuban tody (Todus multicolor) is a bird species in the family Todidae that is restricted to Cuba and the adjacent islands.[2]
Description
The species is characterized by small size (11 cm (4.3 in), 5.9 g (0.21 oz)), large head relative to body size, and a thin, flat bill. Similar to other todies, the coloration of the Cuban tody includes iridescent green dorsum, pale whitish-grey underparts, and red highlights. This species is distinguished by its pink flanks, red throat, yellow lores, and blue ear patch. The bill is bicolored: black on the top and red on the bottom.[2]
Distribution and habitat
The Cuban tody is a year-round resident of portions of Cuba and the islands just off the Cuban coast. Analysis of song variation suggests that the species is structured into two populations, corresponding to eastern and western Cuba.[3]
The tody, like many resident Cuban bird species, is a habitat generalist.[4] It is known to live in dry lowlands, evergreen forests, coastal vegetation, and near streams and rivers. Cuban todies may be difficult to see; Vaurie reported, "Only one seen at the Cape, in dense underbrush, but several heard."[5]
Behaviour
They often are seen in pairs. When perched, they sometimes repeat a peculiar short "tot-tot-tot-tot", but their most characteristic call is a soft "pprreeee-pprreeee" (which is the origin of its Cuban common name, 'Pedorrera'). Its wings produce a whirring sound that is used during display flights.[2][6]
Breeding
Nests consist of a tunnel about 30 cm (12 in) long in a clay embankment, with a terminal chamber, although sometimes they use a rotten trunk or tree cavity.[2] They cover the walls of the tunnel and the egg chamber with a thick glue-like substance mixed with grass, lichen, algae, small feathers, and other materials. Three to four eggs are laid and they are incubated by both parents.[2]
Feeding
The diet of the Cuban tody is dominated by insects, but also may include small fruits, small lizards, and spiders. Although the ecology of these birds has been little-studied, they are known to participate in mixed-species flocks.[7] They also are prey used as food items: predators include both the mongoose and humans in poor areas.
See also
Jamaican tody
Narrow-billed tody
Broad-billed tody
Puerto Rican tody
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Todus multicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22683009A92972874. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683009A92972874.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
Farnsworth, Andrew (2009). Schulenberg, T. S. (ed.). "Cuban Tody (Todus multicolor)". Neotropical Birds Online. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
Pérez Mena, Eneider E.; Mora, Emanuel C. (2011). "Geographic Song Variation in the Non-Oscine Cuban Tody (Todus multicolor)". The Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 123 (1): 76–84. doi:10.1676/10-003.1. S2CID 85256726.
Wallace, G.E.; González Alonso, Hiram; McNicholl, Martin K.; Rodríguez Batista, Daysi; Oviedo Prieto, Ramona; Llanes Sosa, Alejandro; Sánchez Oria, Bárbara; Wallace, Elizabeth A.H. (1996). "Winter surveys of forest-dwelling Neotropical migrant and resident birds in three regions of Cuba". The Condor. 98 (4): 745–768. doi:10.2307/1369856. JSTOR 1369856.
Vaurie, C. (1957). "Field notes on some Cuban birds". The Wilson Bulletin. 69 (4): 301–313. JSTOR 4158615.
Garrido, Orlando H.; Kirkconnell, Arturo (2000). Field Guide to the Birds of Cuba. Ithaca, NY: Comstock, Cornell University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-8014-8631-9.
Hamel, P.B.; Kirkconnell, A. (2005). "Composition of mixed-species flocks of migrant and resident birds in Cuba" (PDF). Cotinga. 24: 28–34.
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