Rhyticeros cassidix (*)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Bucerotiformes
Familia: Bucerotidae
Genus: Rhyticeros
Species: Rhyticeros cassidix
Name
Rhyticeros cassidix (Temminck, 1823)
Synonymy
Buceros cassidix (protonym)
Aceros cassidix
References
Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux livr.36: 67, pl.210.
IUCN: Rhyticeros cassidix (Vulnerable)
Vernacular names
български: Сулавеска птица носорог
বাংলা: গুল-বসান ধনেশ
català: Calau de Sulawesi
čeština: Zoborožec přílbový
Cymraeg: Cornbig mawr Swlawesi
dansk: Hvidhalet rynkenæb
Deutsch: Helmhornvogel
English: Knobbed Hornbill
español: Cálao grande de Célebes
فارسی: نوکشاخ قبهدار
français: Calao à cimier
עברית: קלאו אדום-ראש
magyar: Sisakos goge
Bahasa Indonesia: Julang sulawesi
italiano: Bucero caruncolato
日本語: アカコブサイチョウ
lietuvių: Šalmuotasis ragasnapis
Nederlands: Sulawesi-jaarvogel
русский: Сулавесский калао
svenska: Knölnäshornsfågel
The knobbed hornbill (Rhyticeros cassidix), also known as Sulawesi wrinkled hornbill, is a colourful hornbill native to Indonesia. The species is sometimes placed in the genus Aceros. The knobbed hornbill is the faunal symbol of South Sulawesi province.
Contents
1 Description
2 Distribution and habitat
3 Ecology
4 Conservation
5 Gallery
6 References
Description
This is a large black hornbill with a yellow bill, white tail feathers, pale blue skin around eye, blackish feet and bare dark blue throat. The male has rufous/buff face and neck, orange-red eyes, and a high red casque on the top of his bill. The female has a black face and neck, a yellow casque, and brownish eyes.[2]
Distribution and habitat
An Indonesian endemic, the knobbed hornbill is found in Sulawesi, Buton, Lembeh, Togian and Muna Island. It inhabits evergreen forest at an elevation of up to 1,800 m and also makes use of secondary forest, woodland and plantations for foraging.[1]
Male
Ecology
As with other hornbills, the knobbed hornbill is believed to be monogamous. Its diet consists mainly of fruits, but it will also take insects and small vertebrates. Breeding season spans 27–30 weeks and appears to be triggered by a dramatic reduction in rainfall. The female seals itself inside a tree hole for egg-laying using its own feces. During this time, the male will provide foods for the female and the young through a slit in the seal.[1][2]
Knobbed hornbills are important seed dispersers in their habitat and influence the initial fate of seeds of several tropical forest tree species.[3]
Conservation
The species is currently classified as vulnerable by the IUCN. Despite being locally very common, they are threatened by habitat destruction from logging (since they depend on large and mature trees for breeding) and to some extent by hunting.[1]
References
BirdLife International (2017). "Rhyticeros cassidix". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22682525A117182222. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22682525A117182222.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Josep del Hoyo; Andrew Elliott; David Christie, eds. (2010). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
Kinnaird, M. F. (1998). "Evidence for effective seed dispersal by the Sulawesi red-knobbed hornbill, Aceros cassidix". Biotropica. 30 (1): 50–55. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.1998.tb00368.x.
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