Recurvirostra avosetta (*)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Charadriiformes
Subordo: Charadrii
Familia: Recurvirostridae
Genus: Recurvirostra
Species: Recurvirostra avosetta
Name
Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus, 1758
References
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL p. 151 BHL Reference page.
Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Bontelsie
العربية: النكات, النكات رهيز
asturianu: Avoceta
azərbaycanca: Bizdimdik
Boarisch: Saawéschnowler
башҡортса: Беҙ суҡыш
беларуская: Шыладзюб
български: Саблеклюн
brezhoneg: Avosetenn vistr
català: Bec d'alena
čeština: Tenkozobec opačný
Cymraeg: Cambig
dansk: Klyde
Deutsch: Säbelschnäbler
Ελληνικά: Αβοκέτα
emiliàn e rumagnòl: Gambitulon
English: Pied Avocet
Esperanto: Blanknigra avoceto
español: Avoceta
eesti: Naaskelnokk
euskara: Abozeta
suomi: Avosetti
føroyskt: Nevfatti
Nordfriisk: Sütjer
français: Avocette élégante
Frysk: Klút
Gaeilge: Abhóiséad
Gàidhlig: Gob cearr
galego: Avoceta
Gaelg: Gob kiare
עברית: סייפן עקוד
hrvatski: Modronoga sabljarka
magyar: Gulipán
հայերեն: Բզակտուց
íslenska: Bjúgnefja
italiano: Avocetta
日本語: ソリハシセイタカシギ
ქართული: სადგისნისკარტა
қазақша: Бізтұмсық
한국어: 뒷부리장다리물떼새
kernowek: Gelvyn menowes
Lëtzebuergesch: Säwelschniewel
lietuvių: Avocetė
latviešu: Avozeta
македонски: Сабјарка
монгол: Ээтэн / ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠨ
Malti: Xifa
Nedersaksies: Klut
Nederlands: Kluut
norsk nynorsk: Avosett
norsk: Avosett
polski: Szablodziób
پنجابی: پائڈ ایوسٹ
português: Alfaiate
rumantsch: Gambun grond
română: Cioc întors
русский: Шилоклювка
sardu: Filippa
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Modronoga sabljarka
slovenčina: Šabliarka modronohá
slovenščina: Sabljarka
shqip: Sqepbiza
српски / srpski: sabljarka / Сабљарка
svenska: Skärfläcka
Kiswahili: Msese domojuu
தமிழ்: Pavazha kaal ullan
ไทย: นกปากงอน
Türkçe: Bayağı kılıçgaga
українська: Чоботар
Tiếng Việt: Cà kheo mỏ cong
Zeêuws: Kluut
中文: 反嘴鴴
The pied avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta) is a large black and white wader in the avocet and stilt family, Recurvirostridae. They breed in temperate Europe and across the Palearctic to Central Asia then on to the Russian Far East. It is a migratory species and most winter in Africa or southern Asia. Some remain to winter in the mildest parts of their range, for example in southern Spain and southern England. The pied avocet is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
Taxonomy
The pied avocet was one of the many bird species originally described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae, where it was given the binomial name of Recurvirostra avosetta.[2] This species gets its English and scientific names from the Venetian word avosetta. It appeared first in Ulisse Aldrovandi's Ornithologia (1603).[3] While the name may refer to black and white outfits once worn by European advocates or lawyers, the actual etymology is uncertain.[3] Other common names include black-capped avocet, Eurasian avocet or just avocet.[4]
It is one of four species of avocet that make up the genus Recurvirostra.[5] The genus name is from Latin recurvus, "curved backwards" and rostrum, "bill".[6] A 2004 study combining genetics and morphology showed that it was the most divergent species in the genus.[7]
Description
A chick near Oosterend, Texel island, the Netherlands
landing in Norfolk, England
The pied avocet is a striking white wader with bold black markings. Adults have white plumage except for a black cap and black patches in the wings and on the back. They have long, upturned bills and long, bluish legs. It is approximately 16.5–17.75 in (41.9–45.1 cm) in length of which the bill is approximately 2.95–3.35 in (7.5–8.5 cm) and the legs are approximately 3–4 in (7.6–10.2 cm). Its wingspan is approximately 30–31.5 in (76–80 cm).[8] Males and females look alike. The juvenile resembles the adult but with more greyish and sepia tones.
The call of the avocet is a far-carrying, liquid, melodious kluit kluit.[8]
Behaviour
These birds forage in shallow brackish water or on mud flats, often scything their bills from side to side in water (a feeding technique that is unique to the avocets[9]). They mainly eat crustaceans and insects.
Their breeding habitat is shallow lakes with brackish water and exposed bare mud. They nest on open ground, often in small groups, sometimes with other waders. Three to five eggs are laid in a lined scrape or on a mound of vegetation.
In Britain
The pied avocet was extirpated as a breeding species in Great Britain by 1840.[10] Its successful recolonisation at Minsmere, Suffolk, in 1947 led to its adoption as the logo of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.[8] The pied avocet has spread inland and northwards and westwards in Britain since then and it has bred in Wales[11] and in Scotland in 2018 at Skinflats.[12] Avocets have been sighted wintering at Browhouses, Dumfries and Galloway.
References
BirdLife International (2019). "Recurvirostra avosetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22693712A155534228. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22693712A155534228.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis (in Latin). Vol. I (10th revised ed.). Holmiae: (Laurentii Salvii). p. 151 – via The Internet Archive.
Lockwood, W. B. (1993). The Oxford Dictionary of British Bird Names. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-866196-2.
"Recurvirostra avosetta". Avibase.
Sibley, Charles Gald; Monroe, Burt Leavelle (1990). Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale University Press. p. 246. ISBN 0300049692.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 266. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Thomas, Gavin H.; Wills, Matthew A.; Székely, Tamás (2004). "A supertree approach to shorebird phylogeny". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 4: 28. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-4-28. PMC 515296. PMID 15329156. Supplementary Material
The Birds of the Western Palearctic (Abridged ed.). Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-19-854099-X.
Moreira, Francisco (1995). "The winter feeding ecology of Avocets Recurvirostra avosetta on intertidal areas. I. Feeding strategies". Ibis. 137 (1): 92–98. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1995.tb03224.x. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05.
"Birds return after 200 year gap". BBC. 15 June 2008. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
"Newport Wetlands National Nature Reserve". Natural Resources Wales. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
"RSPB's emblem bird, the avocet, breeds at RSPB Skinflats for the first time". Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
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