Ptilinopus magnificus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Columbimorphae
Ordo: Columbiformes

Familia: Columbidae
Subfamilia: Ptilinopinae
Genus: Ptilinopus
Species: Ptilinopus magnificus
Subspecies: P. m. alaris - P. m. assimilis - P. m. interposita - P. m. keri - P. m. magnificus - P. m. poliura - P. m. puella - P. m. septentrionalis
Name

Ptilinopus magnificus (Temminck, 1821)
References

Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (1) 13 p. 125
Vernacular names
čeština: holub čarokrásný
dansk: Wompoofrugtdue
Deutsch: Langschwanz-Fruchttaube, Purpurbrust-Fruchttaube
English: Wompoo Fruit-dove, Wompoo Pigeon
Esperanto: Purpurbrusta fruktokolombo
español: Tilopo Magnífico
eesti: suur-rohetuvi
suomi: loistohedelmäkyyhky
français: Ptilope magnifique
magyar: Wompoo-gyümölcsgalamb
Bahasa Indonesia: Walik Wompu
italiano: Colomba frugivora magnifica
日本語: ワープーアオバト, wa-pu-aobato
Nederlands: Wompoejufferduif
norsk: Bispefruktdue
polski: owocożer purpurowy
português: Pomba-da-fruta-magnífica
русский: Длиннохвостый пёстрый голубь
slovenčina: pestroš vznešený
svenska: Wompoofruktduva
中文: 巨果鸠

The wompoo fruit dove (Ptilinopus magnificus), also known as wompoo pigeon, is one of the larger fruit doves native to New Guinea and eastern Australia.

Taxonomy and systematics
Subspecies

There are generally 7-8 recognised subspecies, although some authorities recognise as few as 5.

P. m. magnificus – Temminck, 1827:
P. m. keri – :
P. m. alaris – :
P. m. assimilis – :
P. m. poliura – :
P. m. interposita – :
P. m. septentrionalis – :
P. m. puella – :

Description
Wompoo pigeon in a garden near Cooktown, Queensland
At Dallas Zoo, USA

This dove measures up to 45 cm (18 in), but are generally far smaller in northern regions. It has purple plumage around its neck, chest and upper belly. Its lower belly is yellow and it has green underparts. The sexes are similar and the juveniles have a duller and greener plumage compared to adults. Notwithstanding their bright plumage, they are hard to see amongst the forest canopy, thanks to their unobtrusive, quiet habits.[2] Their call sounds like wollack-wa-hoo and often sounds very human.
Behaviour
Food

The wompoo fruit dove can be seen in large flocks where food is abundant. The birds feed off fruit-bearing trees in rainforests such as figs. They also occasionally eat insects. They can eat large fruits whole and are able to acrobatically collect fruit of trees and vines. They do not like to travel long distances, preferring to stay in their local area and make use of whatever fruit are in season. The diet of this species was extensively studied in the Port Moresby area by Frith et al. (1976). Despite their small size, they are able to swallow fruits of 5 cm3 (0.31 cu in) volume, which would translate into a diameter of about 2 cm (0.79 in) in spherical fruit.

Major food items included:

figs, particularly Ficus macrophylla,[3] including Ficus albipila, Ficus benjamina, Ficus drupacea, Ficus glaberrima, Ficus virens and Ficus wassa - preferentially in the late dry and wet season (October - March)
Fruit of cinnamon trees (Cinnamomum sp.), Litsea, Neolitsea and Cryptocarya - whenever available
Arecaceae (palm) fruit, including Archontophoenix, Arenga, Calamus and Caryota - mid-late dry season (August - October) and January
Annonaceae fruit, such as Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata) and Polyalthia - whenever available

Food items of minor importance were fruit of:

Eugenia, Syzygium, Acmena - important in May
Hypserpa - important in July/August
Planchonella - important August - October
Elaeocarpus - important in October
Erythroxylon scarinatum - important in November/December
Tinospora smilacina, Glochidion, Gomphandra australiana, Gomphandra montana, Cayratia, Cissus, Terminalia, Diospyros, Chionanthus, Vitex cofassus, Alocasia, and Psychotria - taken as available

Breeding

Breeding times will vary according to weather conditions. The nest is sturdily constructed from forked twigs not high from the ground. Both sexes help in the construction of the nest. One white egg is laid and the parents share the incubation and care of the chick. In the event that the chick dies, the doves will attempt to have a second offspring in the same season.

Conservation

Widespread and common throughout its large range, the wompoo fruit dove is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1]
References

BirdLife International (2012). "Ptilinopus magnificus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
Frith, H.J.; Rome, F.H.J.C.; Wolfe, T.O. (1976). "Food of fruit-pigeons in New Guinea". Emu. 76 (2): 49–58. doi:10.1071/MU9760049.
Innis, Gary John (1989). "Feeding Ecology of Fruit Pigeons in Subtropical Rainforests of Southeast Queensland". Australian Wildlife Research. 16 (4): 365–394. doi:10.1071/WR9890365.