Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Columbimorphae
Ordo: Columbiformes
Familia: Columbidae
Subfamilia: Treroninae
Genus: Phapitreron
Species: P. amethystinus - P. brunneiceps - P. cinereiceps - P. leucotis
Name
Phapitreron Bonaparte, 1854
References
Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaire des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences [Paris] 39 p.879
Vernacular names
English: Brown Dove
Brown doves are members of the genus Phapitreron in the pigeon family. Their common name refers to their overall brown coloration. They are endemic to the Philippines. All brown doves are tree-dwellers, but the different species occupy different types of wooded habitats; some are more restricted to old-growth forest while other make use of secondary forest and other woodland. Their main diet is fruit. They tend to be solitary in their habits and can be elusive. Some species in this genus have conspicuous black and white stripes on their faces and iridescent neck feathers. Males and females look alike.
Taxonomy
The genus Phapitreron was introduced in 1854 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte for the white-eared brown dove (Phapitreron leucotis).[1][2] The genus name Phapitreron combines the genus name Phaps introduced by the English naturalist Prideaux John Selby in 1835 for the bronze-wing pigeons with the Ancient Greek trērōn meaning "pigeon".[3]
The genus contains four species:[4]
White-eared brown dove (Phapitreron leucotis)
Amethyst brown dove (Phapitreron amethystinus)
Tawitawi brown dove (Phapitreron cinereiceps)
Mindanao brown dove (Phapitreron brunneiceps) – split from the Tawitawi brown dove
Some ornithologists have split two of the above species:[5]
Buff-eared brown-dove (Phapitreron nigrorum) – split from the white-eared brown dove[6]
Short-billed brown-dove (Phapitreron brevirostris) – split from the white-eared brown dove[7]
Cebu brown-dove (Phapitreron frontalis) – split from the amethyst brown dove;[8] listed as an EDGE species by the Zoological Society of London[9]
Grey-breasted brown-dove (Phapitreron maculipectus) – split from the amethyst brown dove[10]
References
Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1854). "Coup d'oeil sur les pigeons". Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 39: 869–880 [879].
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1937). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 3. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 23.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 310. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2020). "Pigeons". IOC World Bird List Version 10.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
Collar, N.J. (2011). "Species limits in some Philippine birds including the Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes lucidus" (PDF). Forktail. 27: 29–38.
BirdLife International (2016). "Phapitreron nigrorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22727834A94963146. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727834A94963146.en.
BirdLife International (2016). "Phapitreron brevirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22727841A94963314. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727841A94963314.en.
BirdLife International (2017) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Phapitreron frontalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T60543516A117228230. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T60543516A117228230.en.
"Cebu Brown-dove".
BirdLife International (2017) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Phapitreron maculipectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T60543526A110865806. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T60543526A110865806.en.
Gibbs, David; Barnes, Eustace; Cox, John (2001). Pigeons and Doves: A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World. Yale University Press. pp. 421–424. ISBN 0-300-07886-2.
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