Myadestes lanaiensis
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Muscicapoidea
Familia: Turdidae
Genus: Myadestes
Species: Myadestes lanaiensis
Subspecies: †M. l. lanaiensis – M. l. rutha
Name
Myadestes lanaiensis (S. B. Wilson, 1891)
Synonyms
Phaeornis lanaiensis (protonym)
References
Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7 p. 460
IUCN: Myadestes lanaiensis (Critically Endangered)
Vernacular names
Cymraeg: Brych Lanai
English: Olomaʻo
Esperanto: Olomao
suomi: Lanainrastuli
magyar: Lanai klarinétmadár
Nederlands: Lanailijster
polski: Klarnetnik blady
svenska: olomao
中文: 拉奈孤鶇
The olomaʻo (Myadestes lanaiensis) is a small, dark solitaire endemic to Oahu, Maui, Lānaʻi and Molokaʻi in the Hawaiian Islands. It is listed as Critically Endangered or possibly extinct.
Description
It grows up to 7 inches in length. The male and female of the species look similar. It is dark brown above and gray below with blackish legs.
Myadestes myadestinus (top), Myadestes lanaiensis lanaiensis (middle). and Myadestes obscurus (bottom)
Call
Its song consists of a complex melody of flute-like notes, liquid warbles, and gurgling whistles. The call is a catlike rasp, with an alternate high pitched note similar to a police whistle.
Behavior and diet
It occurs in densely vegetated gulches, frequenting the understory where it often perches motionless in a hunched posture. Like other native Hawaiian thrushes, it quivers its wings and feeds primarily on fruit and insects.
Conservation
The olomaʻo is still classified as Critically Endangered due to the possibility that an extremely small population or individuals may still exist. The last definitive sighting occurred on Oahu in the 1850s, on Lanai in 1933, and on Molokaʻi in 1980 in the Kamakou Preserve.[1] In the late 19th century, it was considered common to abundant on the Maui, Lanai, and Molokaʻi, but land clearing, including the establishment and subsequent development of Lānaʻi City, and avian malaria brought on by introduced mosquitoes decimated the birds. Introduced animals such as feral pigs (which create pools from their wallows for breeding mosquitoes) also aided in its demise.
Taxonomy
It is closely related to the other species of Hawaiian thrushes, the puaiohi (M. palmeri), ʻōmaʻo (M. obscurus), and the probably extinct kāmaʻo (M. myadestinus). Maui birds may have constituted a separate subspecies or race, but became extinct before any studies could be performed. Three subspecies are recognized:
M. l. woahensis - ʻāmaui
M. l. lanaiensis - Lānaʻi thrush
M. l. rutha - Molokaʻi thrush
References
BirdLife International (2013). "Myadestes lanaiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
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