Irediparra gallinacea (*)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Charadriiformes
Subordo: Charadrii
Familia: Jacanidae
Genus: Irediparra
Species: Irediparra gallinacea
Subspecies: I. g. gallinacea - I. g. novaeguinae - I. g. novaehollandiae
Name
Irediparra gallinacea (Temminck, 1828)
References
Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux livr.78 pl.464
Vernacular names
čeština: Ostnák lotosový
español: Jacana crestada
suomi: Lootusjassana
日本語: トサカレンカク
svenska: Kamjaçana
The comb-crested jacana (Irediparra gallinacea), also known as the lotusbird or lilytrotter, is the only species of jacana in the genus Irediparra. Like other jacana species, it is adapted to the floating vegetation of tropical freshwater wetlands.
Description
A comb-crested jacana at Corroboree Billabong, Northern Territory, Australia
This species is unmistakable. It has a black crown and hindneck with a fleshy red wattle covering the forehead and forecrown, contrasting with a white face and throat. The comb is pinker in breeding adults, more orange when not breeding.[2] There is a broad black band on the lower breast with white belly. The underwing and flight feathers, which show most prominently in flight, are black. Back and upperwing mainly grey-brown with black primary coverts, rump and tail. The long legs with extremely long toes trail in flight. The male is slightly smaller than the female and measures 20–22 cm (7.9–8.7 in) in length and weighs 68–84 g (2.4–3.0 oz). The female measures 24–27 cm (9.4–10.6 in) in length and weighs 120–150 g (4.2–5.3 oz).[3] The wingspan ranges from 39 to 46 cm (15 to 18 in).
Fogg Dam, Middle Point, Northern Territory, Australia, March 2014
Distribution and habitat
The bird occurs in south-eastern Borneo, the southern Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Islands, north and south-east New Guinea, New Britain (Lake Lalili), and northern and eastern Australia. Its habitat are large freshwater wetlands, swamps and lakes with abundant floating vegetation, such as water-lilies or water hyacinth, forming a mat on the water surface which it is able to walk on. Although the species is rare and localised it is not globally threatened.[2]
Behaviour
General Behaviour
The comb-crested jacana walks slowly and deliberately. It often congregates in flocks. When disturbed, it flies low over water and lands again on open vegetation.
Breeding
The comb-crested jacana is polyandrous.[4] It builds a flimsy nest on floating or emergent vegetation, in which the female lays four lustrous, pale brown eggs covered by black markings. Only males incubate.[4] The young hatch well-developed and soon leave the nest.
Feeding
It eats seeds and aquatic insects gleaned from floating vegetation on the water surface.
Voice
This species gives a squeaky, high-pitched chittering, also described as a shrill trill with an explosive soft bugle.[2]
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Irediparra gallinacea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22693540A93411572. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693540A93411572.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
Dutson, Guy. (2011). Birds of Melanesia : Bismarcks, Solomons, Vanuatu and New Caledonia. A & C Black. ISBN 978-1-4081-5246-1. OCLC 770231941.
CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.
Székely, T.; Reynolds, J.D.; Figuerola, J. (2000), "Sexual Size Dimorphism In Shorebirds, Gulls, And Alcids: The Influence Of Sexual And Natural Selection", Evolution, 54 (4): 1404–1413, doi:10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[1404:SSDISG]2.0.CO;2, PMID 11005306
BirdLife International. (2006). Species factsheet: Irediparra gallinacea. Downloaded from https://web.archive.org/web/20130509230344/http://birdlife.org/ on 10 February 2007
Marchant, S.; Higgins, P.J.; & Davies, J.N. (eds). (1994). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 2: Raptors to Lapwings. Oxford University Press: Melbourne. ISBN 0-19-553069-1
National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. (1987). The Shorebirds of Australia. Angus & Robertson: Sydney. ISBN 0-207-15348-5
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