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Idiopsar speculifer
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea
Familia: Thraupidae
Genus: Idiopsar
Species: Idiopsar speculifer
Subspecies: I. s. magnirostris – I. s. speculifer
Name
Idiopsar speculifer (Lafresnaye & d’Orbigny, 1837)
Type locality: Bolivia.
Synonyms
Emberiza speculifera (protonym)
Diuca speculifera (Lafresnaye & d’Orbigny, 1837)
Idiopsar speculiferus (Lafresnaye & d’Orbigny, 1837)
Chionodacryon speculiferum (Lafresnaye & d’Orbigny, 1837) [acc. Burns, Unitt & Mason (2016); Birdlife]
References
Primary references
d’Orbigny, A. & de Lafresnaye, F. 1837. Synopsis Avium, in ejus per Americam meridionalem itinere, collectarum et ab ipso viatore necnon. Magasin de zoologie 7(2):1–88, pl. 77-79. Original description p. 78 BHL Reference page.
Additional references
Burns, K.J., Shultz, A.J., Title, P.O., Mason N.A., Barker, F.K., Klicka, J., Lanyon, S.M. & Lovette, I.J. 2014. Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 75:41–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006 Full article (PDF) Open accessReference page.
Barker, F.K., Burns, K.J., Klicka, J., Lanyon, S.M. & Lovette, I.J. 2015. New insights into New World biogeography: An integrated view from the phylogeny of blackbirds, cardinals, sparrows, tanagers, warblers, and allies. The Auk 132(2): 333-348. DOI: 10.1642/AUK-14-110.1 Open accessReference page.
Burns, K.J., Unitt, P. & Mason, N.A. 2016. A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes). Zootaxa 4088(3): 329–354. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2 Paywall.Reference page.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Spiegelammer
English: White-winged Diuca Finch
español: Diuca aliblanca
français: Diuca leucoptère
italiano: Diuca alibianche
日本語: ハジロジュウカチョウ
русский: Чилийский белокрылый вьюрок
svenska: Vitvingad diukafink
Türkçe: Buzulkuşu
The glacier finch (Idiopsar speculifer), also known as the white-winged diuca finch and glacier bird, is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae.
It is found in Peru, Bolivia and far northern Chile and Argentina. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, where it favours wet boggy ground. It is one of the few birds that have been recorded as nesting in high altitude glaciers, hence its alternative name "the glacier bird". The nest is a bulky structure in the form of a cup, made of grass, twigs and feathers: it can weigh up to half a pound, and may be laid directly on the ice. Two eggs are laid in April or May; the young leave the nest in June or July.[2]
References
BirdLife International (2012). "Chionodacryon speculiferum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
Hardy, S.P.; Hardy, D.R.; Gil, K.C. (2018). "Avian nesting and roosting on glaciers at high elevation, Cordillera Vilcanota, Peru". Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 130 (4): 940–957. doi:10.1676/1559-4491.130.4.940. S2CID 91989752.
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