Ficedula semitorquata

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Muscicapoidea

Familia: Muscicapidae
Genus: Ficedula
Species: Ficedula semitorquata
Name

Ficedula semitorquata (Homeyer, 1885)
References

Zeitschrift Für Die Gesammte Ornithologie 2: 185, pl.10

Vernacular names
български: Полубеловрата мухоловка
brezhoneg: Flouperig hantergolierek
Deutsch: Halbringschnäpper
English: Semi-collared Flycatcher
Esperanto: Duonkoluma muŝkaptulo
suomi: Balkaninsieppo
français: Gobemouche à demi-collier
հայերեն: Ճանճորս կիսասպիտակավիզ
polski: Muchołówka półobrożna
Türkçe: Alaca sinekkapan

The semicollared flycatcher (Ficedula semitorquata) is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family, one of the four species of Western Palearctic black-and-white flycatchers. It breeds in montane forests of the southeastern corner of Europe (Balkan Peninsula) to Northwest Iran. It is migratory, wintering in Central and Eastern Africa.[2] It is a rare vagrant in western Europe. Tracking studies using geolocators have revealed that weather conditions during spring migration can have a large impact on the timing of Semicollared flycatcher migration and survival of adult birds.[3]

This is a 12–13.5 cm long bird, intermediate in appearance between collared flycatcher and European pied flycatcher. It has often been classed as a subspecies of collared flycatcher.
Struma River Valley - Bulgaria

The breeding male is mainly black above and white below, with a white half-collar, extending further back than in pied, large white wing patch, extensively white tail sides and a large white forehead patch. It has a pale grey rump. The bill is black and has the broad but pointed shape typical of aerial insectivores. It mainly takes insects in flight, rarely hunting caterpillars amongst the tree foliage like pied flycatcher.

Non-breeding male, females and juvenile semi-collared flycatchers have the black replaced by a pale brown, and may be very difficult to distinguish from other Ficedula flycatchers, particularly the collared flycatcher. A distinction is that semicollared may show a white second wing bar, but many individuals are not separable in the field.

Semicollared flycatchers are birds of belts of deciduous woodlands, especially oak and hornbeam, in mountainous areas. They build an open nest in a native tree-holes and old nests of woodpeckers, also the species can occupy nest-boxes.[4] The clutch size is 4-7 eggs. The song is again intermediate between collared and pied flycatchers, with slow strained whistles, but some rhythmic elements.
Ficedula semitorquata - MHNT
References

BirdLife International. (2018). "Ficedula semitorquata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22709319A131879858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22709319A131879858.en. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
Briedis, M.; Träff, J.; Hahn, S.; Ilieva, M.; Král, M.; Peev, S.; Adamík, P. (2016). "Year-round spatiotemporal distribution of the enigmatic Semi-collared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata". Journal of Ornithology. 157 (3): 895–900. doi:10.1007/s10336-016-1334-6. S2CID 25641679.
Briedis, M.; Hahn, S.; Adamík, P. (2017). "Cold spell en route delays spring arrival and decreases apparent survival in a long-distance migratory songbird". BMC Ecology. 17 (11): 11. Bibcode:2017BMCE...17...11B. doi:10.1186/s12898-017-0121-4. PMC 5381016. PMID 28376915.
"Semi-collared Flycatcher in Armenia". In online publication "State of Breeding Birds of Armenia". TSE NGO, Armenian Bird Census Council. Retrieved on 1 Sep 2017. 2017.The semicollared flycatcher (Ficedula semitorquata) is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family, one of the four species of Western Palearctic black-and-white flycatchers. It breeds in montane forests of the southeastern corner of Europe (Balkan Peninsula) to Northwest Iran. It is migratory, wintering in Central and Eastern Africa.[2] It is a rare vagrant in western Europe. Tracking studies using geolocators have revealed that weather conditions during spring migration can have a large impact on the timing of Semicollared flycatcher migration and survival of adult birds.[3]

This is a 12–13.5 cm long bird, intermediate in appearance between collared flycatcher and European pied flycatcher. It has often been classed as a subspecies of collared flycatcher.
Struma River Valley - Bulgaria

The breeding male is mainly black above and white below, with a white half-collar, extending further back than in pied, large white wing patch, extensively white tail sides and a large white forehead patch. It has a pale grey rump. The bill is black and has the broad but pointed shape typical of aerial insectivores. It mainly takes insects in flight, rarely hunting caterpillars amongst the tree foliage like pied flycatcher.

Non-breeding male, females and juvenile semi-collared flycatchers have the black replaced by a pale brown, and may be very difficult to distinguish from other Ficedula flycatchers, particularly the collared flycatcher. A distinction is that semicollared may show a white second wing bar, but many individuals are not separable in the field.

Semicollared flycatchers are birds of belts of deciduous woodlands, especially oak and hornbeam, in mountainous areas. They build an open nest in a native tree-holes and old nests of woodpeckers, also the species can occupy nest-boxes.[4] The clutch size is 4-7 eggs. The song is again intermediate between collared and pied flycatchers, with slow strained whistles, but some rhythmic elements.
Ficedula semitorquata - MHNT
References

BirdLife International. (2018). "Ficedula semitorquata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22709319A131879858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22709319A131879858.en. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
Briedis, M.; Träff, J.; Hahn, S.; Ilieva, M.; Král, M.; Peev, S.; Adamík, P. (2016). "Year-round spatiotemporal distribution of the enigmatic Semi-collared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata". Journal of Ornithology. 157 (3): 895–900. doi:10.1007/s10336-016-1334-6. S2CID 25641679.
Briedis, M.; Hahn, S.; Adamík, P. (2017). "Cold spell en route delays spring arrival and decreases apparent survival in a long-distance migratory songbird". BMC Ecology. 17 (11): 11. Bibcode:2017BMCE...17...11B. doi:10.1186/s12898-017-0121-4. PMC 5381016. PMID 28376915.
"Semi-collared Flycatcher in Armenia". In online publication "State of Breeding Birds of Armenia". TSE NGO, Armenian Bird Census Council. Retrieved on 1 Sep 2017. 2017.