Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Corvida
Superfamilia: Corvoidea
Familia: Vireonidae
Genus: Cyclarhis
Species: Cyclarhis nigrirostris
Subspecies: C. n. atrirostris - C. n. nigrirostris
Name
Cyclarhis nigrirostris Lafresnaye, 1842
Synonyms
Cyclaris [sic] nigrirostris (protonym)
References
de Lafresnaye, F. 1842. Description de quelques Oiseaux nouveaux. Revue Zoologique par la Société Cuviérienne 5: 133–134. BHL Reference page. Original description p.133 BHL
Vernacular names
English: Black-billed peppershrike
español: Vireón piquinegro
The black-billed peppershrike (Cyclarhis nigrirostris) is a species of bird in the family Vireonidae. It is found in the Andes of Colombia and northern Ecuador. It inhabits subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.
Black-billed peppershrike in Antioquia Department, Colombia
Description
Olive coloured overall with grey throat, belly, cheek and forecrown and a rufous stripe above the eye and lore. Differs from the more common Rufous-browed peppershrike by its black-tipped bill, thinner rufous superciliary stripe, and olive neck and cap.
Taxonomy
The black-billed peppershrike was described by Frédéric de Lafresnaye in 1842 as Cyclaris nigrirostris (sic) from a specimen collected in Bogotá. There are two recognised subspecies:
Cyclaris nigrirostris nigrirostris Lafresnaye, 1842 – Colombia west of the East Andes as well as in Ecuador
Cyclaris nigrirostric atrirostris Sclater, 1887 – West Andes of southern Colombia, further south into Pichincha Province, Ecuador
Distribution
The black-billed peppershrike is found in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador.
Behaviour
Its diet consists entirely of arthropods which it searches for in the canopy and mid-levels of trees. Found alone or alongside its mate. Little is known about its nesting habits but they are assumed to be similar to the Rufous-browed peppershrike which has been observed nesting in trees seven feet from the ground, with nests constructed out of moss.[2]
References
BirdLife International (2018). "Cyclarhis nigrirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705127A130371357. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705127A130371357.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Brooke Worth, C. (1 July 1938). "Nesting of the Pepper-shrike". The Auk. 55 (3): 539. doi:10.2307/4078454. JSTOR 4078454. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
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