Campylopterus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Apodiformes

Familia: Trochilidae
Subfamilia: Trochilinae
Genus: Campylopterus
Species: C. calcirupicola – C. curvipennis – C. duidae – C. ensipennis – C. excellens – C. falcatus – C. hemileucurus – C. hyperythrus – C. largipennis – C. pampa – C. phainopeplus – C. rufus – C. villaviscensio
Name

Campylopterus Swainson, 1827
Typus

Trochilus largipennis Boddaert, 1783 = Campylopterus largipennis

References
Primary references

The Zoological Journal 3 p.358

Additional references

González, C., Ornelas, J.F. & Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, C. 2011. Selection and geographic isolation influence hummingbird speciation: genetic, acoustic and morphological divergence in the wedge-tailed sabrewing (Campylopterus curvipennis). BMC Evolutionary Biology 11:38. Full article view DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-38 Reference page.
Lopes, L.E., de Vasconcelos, M.F. & Gonzaga, L.P. 2017. A cryptic new species of hummingbird of the Campylopterus largipennis complex (Aves: Trochilidae). Zootaxa 4268(1): 001–033. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.1.1Full article (PDF) Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: Sabrewing
lietuvių: Kardasparniai
português: Asa-de-sabre

The sabrewings are relatively large Neotropical hummingbirds that form the genus Campylopterus. They are species of the understory and edges of forests, mostly in mountains, and often near streams. The female Sabrewing lays its two white eggs in a relatively large cup nest on a low horizontal branch, usually over a stream.

The sabrewings are very large for hummingbirds, typically 12–15 cm long. The black bill is strong and slightly decurved. The shafts of the male's two outermost primary flight feathers are thickened, flattened and bent at an angle to give the distinctive feature which gives the sabrewings their English and scientific names (Greek καμπυλος kampylos, "bent", and πτερον pteron, "wing").

In some species, the male and female plumage is similar, in others, such as the violet sabrewing, the sexes look completely different. In several species, the three outer pairs of the tail feathers are broadly tipped white.

The food of sabrewings is nectar, taken mainly from undergrowth flowers such as Heliconia and bananas.
Taxonomy

The genus Campylopterus was erected by the English naturalist William Swainson in 1827.[1] The type species was subsequently designated as the grey-breasted sabrewing.[2] The generic name combines the Ancient Greek kampulos meaning "curved" or "bent" and -pteros meaning "-winged".[3]

The sombre hummingbird and swallow-tailed hummingbird, formerly classified in Campylopterus, have been reclassified by most authorities into their own monotypic genera Aphantochroa and Eupetomena.

The genus contains 10 species:[4]

Image	Name	Common name	Distribution
	Campylopterus calcirupicola	Outcrop sabrewing	Brazil
	Campylopterus diamantinensis	Diamantina sabrewing	Brazil
	Campylopterus duidae	Buff-breasted sabrewing	Brazil and Venezuela
	Campylopterus ensipennis	White-tailed sabrewing	northeastern Venezuela and Tobago
	Campylopterus falcatus	Lazuline sabrewing	Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela
	Campylopterus hemileucurus	Violet sabrewing	southern Mexico and Central America as far south as Costa Rica and western Panama
	Campylopterus hyperythrus	Rufous-breasted sabrewing	Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.
	Campylopterus largipennis	Gray-breasted sabrewing	Bahia and Minas Gerais in eastern Brazil
	Campylopterus phainopeplus	Santa Marta sabrewing	Colombia.
	Campylopterus villaviscensio	Napo sabrewing	Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru

References

Swainson, William John (1827). "On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal. 3: 343-363 [358].
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 18.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2021). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 11.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 February 2021.

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