Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea
Familia: Alaudidae
Genus: Calandrella
Species: C. acutirostris – C. blanfordi – C. brachydactyla – C. cinerea – C. dukhunensis – C. eremica
Species: C. acutirostris - C. athensis - C. blanfordi - C. brachydactyla - C. cheleensis - C. cinerea - C. erlangeri - C. raytal - C. rufescens
Name
Calandrella Kaup, 1829
Typus
Alauda brachydactyla Leisler, 1814, = Calandrella brachydactyla
References
Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt: 39.
Calandrella is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae.
Taxonomy and systematics
The genus Calandrella was established by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the greater short-toed lark as the type species.[1] The genus name is a diminutive of Ancient Greek kalandros, the calandra lark.[2] Four of the species in the genus use the shortened name of short-toed lark as an alternate name.
Extant species
Six species are recognized in the genus:[3]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 India 13.05.2014.jpg" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hume%27s_Short-toed_Lark_Laxman_Chowk%2C_Sikkim%2C_India_13.05.2014.jpg/180px-Hume%27s_Short-toed_Lark_Laxman_Chowk%2C_Sikkim%2C_India_13.05.2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hume%27s_Short-toed_Lark_Laxman_Chowk%2C_Sikkim%2C_India_13.05.2014.jpg/240px-Hume%27s_Short-toed_Lark_Laxman_Chowk%2C_Sikkim%2C_India_13.05.2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="599" height="180" width="120" /> |
Calandrella acutirostris | Hume's short-toed lark | from Iran and Kazakhstan to China. |
 |
Calandrella dukhunensis | Mongolian short-toed lark | China and Mongolia |
 |
Calandrella blanfordi | Blanford's lark | northeast Africa and Arabia |
| Calandrella eremica | Rufous-capped lark | southwestern Arabia and Somaliland. | |
 |
Calandrella cinerea | Red-capped lark | Ethiopia and Somaliland |
 |
Calandrella brachydactyla | Greater short-toed lark | southern edge of the Sahara and India |
Extinct species
At least one fossil species is included in this genus:
†Calandrella gali (late Miocene of Polgardi, Hungary)[4]
Former species
Some authorities have classified the following species as belonging to the genus Calandrella:
Buckley's lark (as Calandrella buckleyi)[5]
Obbia lark (as Calandrella obbiensis)[6]
Sclater's lark (as Calandrella sclateri)[7]
Stark's lark (as Calandrella starki)[8]
Masked lark (as Calandrella personata)[9]
Botha's lark (as Calandrella fringillaris)[10]
Pink-billed Lark (as Calandrella conirostris)[11]
Raso lark (as Calandrella razae)[12]
Athi short-toed lark (as Calandrella athensis)[13]
Asian short-toed lark (as Calandrella cheleensis)[14]
Kazakhstan lesser short-toed lark (as Calandrella leucophaea)[15]
Somali short-toed lark (as Calandrella somalica)[16]
Sand lark (as Calandrella raytal)[17]
References
Kaup, Johann Jakob (1829). Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt (in German). Darmstadt: Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 39.
Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
"Nicators, reedling & larks « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
Kessler, E. 2013. Neogene songbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) from Hungary. – Hantkeniana, Budapest, 2013, 8: 37-149.
"Mirafra rufocinnamomea buckleyi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
"Spizocorys obbiensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
"Spizocorys sclateri - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
"Spizocorys starki - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
"Spizocorys personata - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
"Spizocorys fringillaris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
"Spizocorys conirostris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-16.
"Alauda razae - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
"Alaudala athensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
"Alaudala cheleensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
"Alaudala cheleensis leucophaea - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
"Alaudala somalica - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
"Alaudala raytal - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-21.
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