Aglaeactis cupripennis, Photo: Michael Lahanas
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Apodiformes
Familia: Trochilidae
Subfamilia: Trochilinae
Genus: Aglaeactis
Species: Aglaeactis cupripennis
Name
Aglaeactis cupripennis (Bourcier, 1843)
Original combination: Trochilus cupripennis
References
Rev.Zool. 6 p.71
Vernacular names
English: Shining Sunbeam
The shining sunbeam (Aglaeactis cupripennis) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.
Description
Showing glittering purple, green, and coppery on lower back and rump
Short straight bill, male metallic dusky brown above, dark on crown and ear-coverts. Area of glittering purple on lower back becoming coppery on rump and green on uppertail coverts. Face and underparts cinnamon-rufous. Tail bronzy olive, lateral feathers with rufous on inner webs. Female similar to male except lack most of glitter on back and rump.[3]
Habitat and distribution
The shining sunbeam is indigenous to tropical regions, more specifically Ecuador, Peru, and Columbia; however, this species has different mating seasons in each of these countries. In Ecuador the mating season ranges from February to April, while in Columbia the season last from March to September, and in Peru the season only occurs biannually in November and April.[4] The fact that all three neighboring habitats all have the month of April in common suggest that the shining sunbeam originated from the same location and later dispersed.
Behavior and ecology
Diet
Shining sunbeams are mainly nectarivorous, taking nectar from flowers of many genera of terrestrial flowers such as Embothrium, Puya, and Fuchsia[5]; however, they also seize insects and arthropods, usually in mid-air.
Breeding
Aglaeactis cupripennis typically breeds year-round depending on its location; in Colombia, they breed from March to September and February to April in Ecuador.[5] They lay two tiny, white eggs, which are incubated up to 18 days (only by the female), and fledge at around 27 days.
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Aglaeactis cupripennis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22687788A93169174. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22687788A93169174.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
Ridgely, Robert and Paul Greenfield. The Birds of Ecuador. Volume II: Field Guide. Cornell, 2001
Pavan, Lucas I.; Jankowski, Jill E.; Hazlehurst, Jenny A. (2020-02-14). "Patterns of territorial space use by Shining Sunbeams ( Aglaeactis cupripennis ), tropical montane hummingbirds". Journal of Field Ornithology. 91: 1–12. doi:10.1111/jofo.12321. ISSN 0273-8570.
Schuchmann, K.L. and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Shining Sunbeam (Aglaeactis cupripennis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D.A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.shisun1.01.
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